智能汽车Smart cars米其奥·卡库Meters， Leo the library card即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。Even the past 70 years has changed little basically the car industry， will also feel the influence of the computer 汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。The car industry is the most profitable of the 20 th century， one of the most influential At present the world's 500 million car， or every 10 people one Sales of the automobile industry of one trillion dollars， making it the world's biggest manufacturing 汽车及其行使的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。“我们会见到能看、能听、有听觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路，”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔·斯普雷扎预言道。Automobile and its exercise of road， will be important changes occurred in the 21 st The future "intelligent vehicle"， the key is that "We see that can see， hear， hearing， smell， and talk and can take action vehicles and road，" is design future smart cars and intelligent way of general motors project technical director of ITS， bill， it firm predicted that 美国每年有大约4万人死于交通事故。在汽车事故中死亡或严重受伤的人数太多，我们已经不屑在报纸上提及。这些死亡的人中至少有半数是酒后开车造成的，另有许多死亡事故是驾驶员不小心所致。智能汽车能消除绝大多数这类汽车事故。它能通过会感测空气中的酒精雾气的电子传感器检测开车者是否喝醉酒，并且拒绝启动引擎。这种车还能在遇窃后通报警方，告知车辆的确切地点。The United States has about 40000 people a year die in the traffic In the car accident of death or serious injury number is too much， we have disdain in the newspaper The death of the at least half drunk driving is the cause of the accident is otherwise many deaths caused by the driver not Smart cars can eliminate most of this kind of car It can pass will sense the air of the alcohol in the fog electronic sensors detection drive or not get drunk， and refused to start the This car can also in case after I reported to the police， told the exact locations of 能监控行车过程以及周围行车状况的智能汽车已经建造出来。藏在保险杠里的微型雷达能对周围的汽车做扫描。如果你发生重大行车失误（如变道时有车辆在你的“盲点”内），计算机立即会发出警报。To monitor traffic process and driving conditions around the smart cars have built Hidden in the bumper of miniature radar can on around car If you take a major driving mistake ( change lanes have car in your "blind spot") the computer immediately will give the 在麻省理工学院媒介实验室，业已制造出能测知你行车时有多少睡意的样车，这对长途司机意义尤其重要。一连数小时注视着中夹分道线这样一个单调、几乎能催眠的过程是被严重低估的威胁生命的重大隐患。为消除这一隐患，藏在仪表板里的一架微型相机可对准开车者的脸部及眼睛。如果司机的眼帘合上一定时间，行车变得不稳，仪表板里的计算机就会向司机发出警报。In the MIT media lab， is already being built which will determine how sleepy you are a prototype， the long distance drivers is especially For several hours of staring at the center divider a drab， almost hypnotic process is grossly underestimated， life-threatening To eliminate this hidden trouble， and hide in the in the dashboard can be a tiny camera on a driver's face and If the driver's eyelids close for a certain time， driving becomes instability， a computer in the dashboard will alert the 开车最头疼的两大麻烦事迷路和交通阻塞。虽然计算机革命不可能彻底解决这两个问题，但却会带来积极影响。你汽车上与绕道运行的卫星发出的无线电信号调谐的传感器能随时精确地确定你骑车的方位，并告知交通阻塞情况。我们已经有24颗环绕地球运行的导航卫星，组成了人们所说的全球卫星定位系统。通过这些卫星我们有可能以100英尺的误差确定你在地球上的方位。在任何一个特定时间，总会有若干颗全球定位系统的卫星在11000英里的高空绕地球运行。每颗卫星都装有4颗“原子钟”，他们根据量子理论法则，以精确的频率振动。Two of the most frustrating things about car trouble getting lost and traffic Although the computer revolution is likely to be completely solve these two problems， it will have a positive In your car and bypass operation of a satellite radio signals tuned sensor can precisely determine the direction of riding a bike， and inform the traffic We have 24 star orbiting the earth operation of the navigation satellite， formed what people say the global positioning Through these satellite we likely to 100 feet of error to determine your location on the At any given time， always have a certain number of a global positioning system satellites in 11000 miles of air goes around the Each satellite contains 4 single "atomic clocks，" they according to quantum theory rules to precise frequency 卫星从高空经过时发出的汽车上计算机里的接收器辨认的无线电信号。汽车上的计算机就会根据信号传来所花的时间计算出卫星有多远。由于光速人所熟知，接收无线电信号时的任何时间迟缓都能折算出距离的远近。Satellite passes overhead of a car's computer by a receiver in a radio The car's computer will signal to the time calculate how far the satellite Due to the speed of light are widely known， receive radio signal any delay can be converted into a 在日本，具有某种导航能力的汽车已有一百万辆之多。（有些导航装置通过将方向盘的转动与汽车在地图上的位置并置来测定汽车的方位。）In Japan， has some ability to navigate car has more than one million (some navigation device through the rotation of the steering wheel and the car will be on the map and buy to determine the orientation of the )随着微芯片的价格的大幅度下降，未来对全球卫星定位系统的应用几乎无限。“制造这一商品的工业定会飞速发展，”生产导航系统的麦哲伦航仪公司的兰迪·霍夫曼说。盲人可以在手杖里装配全球卫星定位系统传感器，飞机可以通过遥控着陆，徒步旅行者可以测定自己在林中方位——其潜在的应用范围是无止境的。With the price of the microchip dropped substantially， the future of the global positioning system application almost "Make the goods will be rapid development of industry，" the production navigation system in the navigation instrument company's randy Magellan hoffman The blind can stick in the assembly of the global satellite positioning system sensor， the plane can through the remote control landing， hikers can determine their position in the forest-of its potential application range is 全球卫星定位系统其实只是叫“远程信息学”的这一更大行动的一部分，这一行动最终将把智能汽车送上智能高速公路。这种高速公路的样品已经在欧洲问世，加州也在进行试验，在高速公路上安装计算机芯片、传感器和无线电发射机，以便向汽车报告交通拥挤堵塞情况。The global positioning system in fact just call "telematics" a larger part of the action， this will eventually attempt to put smart cars on smart This highway samples have been exist in Europe and in California to test， on the highway installation computer chips， sensors， and radio transmitters to report to the car traffic 在圣迭戈以北10英里的15号洲际公路一段8英里长的路面上，交通工程师正在安装一个由麻省理工学院设计的引进“自动司机”的系统。这一计划要求计算机在公路上埋设的数千个3英寸长的磁钉的协助下，在车辆极多的路段完全控制车辆的运行。车辆会编成10辆或12辆一组，车距仅为6英尺，在计算机的控制下一齐行使。In San Diego 10 miles north of the interstate 15 a 8 miles of road surface， traffic engineers are installing a by the Massachusetts institute of technology to the introduction of the design of the automatic driver " The plan calls for a computer in the embedded on the highway thousands of 3 inches long magnetic was under the assistance， vehicle very many sections in complete control the operation of the Vehicles into 10 or 12 a car a group， the car is only six feet away from， in computer under the control of the exercise 这种计算机化的公路的倡导者对其未来的应用充满希望。到2010年，远程信息技术很可能应用于美国的一条主要公路。如果成功的话，到2020年，当微芯片的价格降到一片一美分以下时，远程信息技术就会应用在美国成千上万英里的公路上。这对环保也会很有利，能节省燃油，减轻交通阻塞，减少空气污染，还可用作公路扩建的替代办法。This computerized highway advocates for its future application full of By 2010， telematics may well be used in one of the major highways in the United S If successful， by 2020， when the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece， remote information technology will be applied in the United States tens of thousands of miles of This could prove to be an environmental boon as well， saving fuel， reducing traffic jams， decreasing air pollution， and serving as an alternative to highway
