Fascination China China， one of the cradles of human civilization， possesses so many treasures with Chinese characteristics that numerous foreign friends come to visit The first place to go to is， the Great Wall， which is the symbol of China and one of the seven wonders in the What's more， it is said to be the only construction that can be seen from the outer In the imperial periods， it was used in defense of the Since liberation， it has become a place of There is a famous saying: "He who does not reach the Great Wall isn't a true " China is home to Panda， an animal with only two colors， white and black， but very It's our national treasure， often functioning as a friendly Terracotta-clay warriors unearthed in Xi'an， a famous ancient city-were sculptured in Qin Dynasty， the first dynasty of C When former US President Clinton came to China， he visited terracotta’s The above mentioned are just a wave of the If you want to know more about this ancient nation， come and be our
Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-Tung)， the son of a peasant farmer， was born in Chaochan， China， in He became a Marxist while working as a library assistant at Peking University and served in the revolutionary army during the 1911 Chinese RInspired by the Russian Revolution the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was established in Shanghai by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao in June Early members included Mao， Zhou Enlai， Zhu De and Lin B Following instructions from the Comintern members also joined the K Over the next few years Mao， Zhu De and Zhou Enlai adapted the ideas of Lenin who had successfully achieved a revolution in R They argued that in Asia it was important to concentrate on the countryside rather than the towns， in order to create a revolutionary Mao worked as a Kuomintang political organizer in S With the help of advisers from the Soviet Union the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) gradually increased its power in C Its leader， Sun Yat-sen died on 12th March Chiang Kai-Shek emerged as the new leader of the K He now carried out a purge that eliminated the communists from the Those communists who survived managed to established the Jiangxi S The nationalists now imposed a blockade and Mao Zedong decided to evacuate the area and establish a new stronghold in the north-west of C In October 1934 Mao， Lin Biao， Zhu De， and some 100，000 men and their dependents headed west through mountainous The marchers experienced terrible The most notable passages included the crossing of the suspension bridge over a deep gorge at Luting (May， 1935)， travelling over the Tahsueh Shan mountains (August， 1935) and the swampland of Sikang (September， 1935)The marchers covered about fifty miles a day and reached Shensi on 20th October It is estimated that only around 30，000 survived the 8，000-mile Long M When the Japanese Army invaded the heartland of China in 1937， Chiang Kai-Shek was forced to move his capital from Nanking to C He lost control of the coastal regions and most of the major cities to J In an effort to beat the Japanese he agreed to collaborate with Mao Zedong and his communist During the Second World War Mao's well-organized guerrilla forces were well led by Zhu De and Lin B As soon as the Japanese surrendered， Communist forces began a war against the Nationalists led by Chaing Kai-S The communists gradually gained control of the country and on 1st October， 1949， Mao announced the establishment of People's Republic of C In 1958 Mao announced the Great Leap Forward， an attempt to increase agricultural and industrial This reform programme included the establishment of large agricultural communes containing as many as 75，000 The communes ran their own collective farms and Each family received a share of the profits and also had a small private plot of However， three years of floods and bad harvests severely damaged levels of The scheme was also hurt by the decision of the Soviet Union to withdraw its large number of technical experts working in the In 1962 Mao's reform programme came to an end and the country resorted to a more traditional form of economic As a result of the failure on the Great Leap Forward， Mao retired from the post of chairman of the People's Republic of C His place as head of state was taken by Liu S Mao remained important in determining overall In the early 1960s Mao became highly critical of the foreign policy of the Soviet U He was for example appalled by the way Nikita Khrushchev backed down over the Cuban Missile CMao became openly involved in politics in 1966 when with Lin Biao he initiated the Cultural R On 3rd September， 1966， Lin Biao made a speech where he urged pupils in schools and colleges to criticize those party officials who had been influenced by the ideas of Nikita K Mao was concerned by those party leaders such as Liu Shaoqi， who favoured the introduction of piecework， greater wage differentials and measures that sought to undermine collective farms and In an attempt to dislodge those in power who favoured the Soviet model of communism， Mao galvanized students and young workers as his Red Guards to attack revisionists in the Mao told them the revolution was in danger and that they must do all they could to stop the emergence of a privileged class in C He argued this is what had happened in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and Nikita K Lin Biao compiled some of Mao's writings into the handbook， The Quotations of Chairman Mao， and arranged for a copy of what became known as the Little Red Book， to every Chinese Zhou Enlai at first gave his support to the campaign but became concerned when fighting broke out between the Red Guards and the In order to achieve peace at the end of 1966 he called for an end to these attacks on party Mao remained in control of the Cultural Revolution and with the support of the army was able to oust the The Cultural Revolution came to an end when Liu Shaoqi resigned from all his posts on 13th October Lin Biao now became Mao's designated Mao now gave his support to the Gang of Four: Jiang Qing (Mao's fourth wife)， Wang Hongwen， Yao Wenyuan and Zhange C These four radicals occupied powerful positions in the Politburo after the Tenth Party Congress of Mao Zedong died in Beijing on 9th September，
China， one of the four oldest civilizations in the world， has a writtenhistory of 4，000 years and boasts rich cultural relics and historical It is the inventor of compass， paper-making， gunpowder and The Great Wall， Grand Canal and Karez irrigation system are three great ancient engineering projects built 2，000 years Now they are the symbols of the rich culture of the Chinese China has gone over a long history of primitive society， slavery society， feudal society and semi-feudal semi-colonial society and the present socialist
