Annex 3: Agricultural Policy and Food Security in China 中国农业政策与食品安全 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Introduction Food security and the performance of the agricultural sector Agricultural development strategy， policies and food security China's food economy prospects Issues and challenges Concluding Remarks References--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Introduction China's effort to produce enough to feed its growing population has long been It feeds over one-fifth of the world's population with only one-fifteenth of the world's arable In recent history， China has either exported food or imported relatively China was a net exporter of food， even of grain， in the Although China became a net importer of grain in the 1960s， the share of net imports to total domestic consumption was Net import shares reached approximately three percent in the early reform period (1978-84)， then declined to approximately one percent in the following period (1985-90) China has since become a net grain exporter， except in 1995 when it had a record level grain imports of nearly 20 million Net exports between 1992 and 1994 were over 5 million tons While China's grain imports may grow slightly in the coming decades， the nation has developed a strong position as a net exporter of food (both grain and non grain) in value terms by exporting high value-added foodstuff including livestock products and other processed foods during the reform Net food exports grew to 3 billion US dollars in 1985 and peaked at 3 billion dollars in 1993， from a state of balanced trade (in value terms) in 1980 (China Customs Statistics) China's future food security， however， is a subject of growing First， although China's food production has grown over the last several decades， year-to-year fluctuations of food supply and prices are Market stabilization and food price inflation have been among the major targets of government policy since the late The Chinese government considers maintaining a comparatively high level of food self-sufficiency， avoiding supply shocks， and stabilizing consumer prices， a matter of national security and stability: Only when the Chinese people are free from food availability and stability of food supply worries can they concentrate on and support the current reform， thus ensuring a sustained， rapid and healthy development of the economy (The State Council， 1996) To this end， the government recently adopted measures to stabilize domestic food supply and stabilize the market - these measures include administrative and economic intervention in food distribution and marketing systems， national and local food reserve schemes， price regulations， international trade， factor markets， and rural infrastructure Secondly， food security and access to food are mainly poverty Although national economic growth is strong， it is uneven across Farmer's incomes in the central and eastern regions of China continue to grow more rapidly than those in the west and Income inequality among regions， between rural and urban areas， and within regions continues to grow (MOA， 1997) In the early 1980s， tremendous progress was made in addressing China's poverty problem， mainly due to the government's rural reform However， this progress has slowed down over the past ten Finally， China's food supply availability could be a major food security issue in the coming decades if policies were not formulated in the right Worldwide， food production growth rates have outpaced population growth in recent decades， implying increased food
Take toFood safety problems related to human life and survival， continuity， is the human development is an important Because the agricultural production in the process of pesticides and fertilizers， hormones and other excessive residues， food production process excess， illegal abuse of food additives， production， packaging， sales in the process of pollution， together with supervisory negligence， cause food In recent years， Sudan， melamine， staining of steamed bread， poisonous bean sprouts， ginger and other toxic food safety incidents is the food safety into in the teeth of the Strengthen food safety management， has become an urgent need to address the The township is in the food production and consumption of most basic level， food safety management has its special status and This paper analyzes the present situation of food safety in villages and towns and its causes， this paper points out that the rural food safety management difficulties， finally， strengthen Township food safety management are Key words : food safety management present situation Countermeasures of villages and towns
Food safety problems related to the life of mankind， existence， continuance， it is human development an important Because in the process of agricultural production such as chemical fertilizers， pesticides， hormones excessive residual， food production process excessive， illegal abuse food additives， production， packaging， sales in the process of the pollution， and again the negligence of supervision， caused the food In recent years， Sudan red， melamine， dyeing steamed bread， poison bean sprouts， poison ginger， etc， but also will be food safety accidents food safety problems to the outlet Strengthen the food safety management， has become the urgent needs to solve a big And the towns in food production and consumption， the most basic food safety management has its special status and This paper analyzes the present situation of the township food safety and its causes， points out the difficulties of the township food safety management， and finally gives strengthen food safety management advice of villages and Keywords: food safety management present situation of villages and towns countermeasures
