给你篇沥青方面的吧，不知道能否适合Segregation of Asphalt Pavement[Abstract] This paper describes the Weiwu highway construction， the analysis of asphalt pavement From raw materials to finished products into the plant's appearance transport asphalt and paving mixture during the various factors that affect quality， and to all aspects of the various segregation of solutions put forward [Key words] segregation segregation Segregation of control Project Overview Shandong Wei (Shanghai) to Ukraine (sea) highway segment second contract start and end mileage K11 +300 ~ K22 +700， full 4KM， according to two-way four-lane Mainline pavement structure: Upper layer: the top layer of asphalt Horseshoe fat (SMA-13A) 4CM In the surface layer: surface layer of asphalt concrete (AC-20B) 6CM The following layers: Asphalt Concrete (AC-25B) 8CM Segregation Asphalt road surface segregation is a major area of asphalt mixture uneven nature， such as asphalt content， aggregate composition， additive content and the porosity and other Segregation of the hazard Segregation of the event， they changed the original design of the pavement with， the quality of asphalt pavement segregation great In particular in: ○ 1 rolling process， easily crushed coarse aggregate ○ 2 aggregate surface area increases， resulting in rolling after molding loose， damaged road pavement structural strength of influence ○ 3 concentration of coarse aggregate to pavement deterioration of local density， high porosity， easily formed in the surface water， causing water damage to the road early ○ 4 disease have a lot of asphalt mixture segregation and closely related， such as: loose， net crack， holes， local severe Track Channel， local weeping， newly paved asphalt pavement structure of the depth of ○ 5 Segregation of Asphalt Pavement Compaction will produce differences in degree of compaction， smoothness impact damaged the car's comfort Segregation of species Segregation will affect the road surface appearance， asphalt mixture segregation can be broadly classified into two types: level and temperature segregation with Gradation segregation occurs， asphalt road coarse material concentrated in some regions， while others focus on regional fine materials， making become uneven mixture gradation and asphalt content and design are inconsistent， leading to poor road showing the structure and texture characteristics Concentration of fine material in some regions， the porosity is small， there may be weeping， rutting; other coarse material concentrated in some regions， high porosity， surface water may cause Temperature segregation is the mixture in the storage， transportation and spreading in the weather， construction machinery impact， because the temperature difference between heat loss and the situation Mixture temperature of segregation， will lead to uneven road surface compaction， low temperature region， the road porosity greater texture depth of greater road in these areas prone to early Temperature of the consequences of segregation and isolation graded as severe， can lead to premature failure of asphalt pavement， greatly shorten the life of asphalt Research shows that serious segregation of the road life may be reduced by 50% or Present some early Asphalt Pavement damage， such as loose， net crack， holes， local severe Track Channel， local weeping， newly paved asphalt pavement structure of the depth of inequality， with the asphalt mixture segregation are closely Segregation generation Asphalt Mixture Segregation affect the characteristics of the pavement， and segregation issue has been throughout the construction process， it is the construction unit has long been one of the urgent solution of the 1 Segregation of raw materials In the raw materials transported from the quarry to the mixing station piling up， because a high degree of reason， a large aggregate rolled off the bottom of the heap in the material to form a coarse aggregate material the first focus， which will Segregation material mixing machine feeding in the cold difficult to control when different silos of the material ratio; 2 Segregation of mixing station mixing machine When using the scraper conveyor to unload mixture into the finished product hopper， the hopper must be located in the central discharge hopper， or the body in a barrel of vertical segregation， that crude is expected to roll it toward the side of When using the scraper conveyor to unload into the ingredient mixture into the bucket and then finished unloading hopper， the ingredients should be kept as part of each discharge mixture， so that all the material emptied， the scraper conveyor of the mixture directly into the hopper caused segregation within Product discharge from the hopper， the discharge should be quickly opened the door， do not allow mixture to flow slowly， so as to avoid segregation 3 Material Segregation Asphalt dump truck from the finished product warehouse discharge to the transport process， the same as drop-off， large aggregate will be rolling in the car on both sides to form a coarse aggregate of the second concentration; 4 Discharge segregation Transportation dump truck unloading in the mixture to the paver， the large aggregate in paver and a half car rolled near the formation of coarse aggregate the third concentration; 5 Segregation Feed Paver feeders in the feed process， the first intermediate aggregate device to send the cloth， the remaining coarse aggregate retained in the hopper， the paver hopper collection， the formation of coarse aggregate of the fourth concentration; construction process The temperature 6 The joint segregation Joint segregation in the upper layer construction is more common， especially in the section of pavement widening， the small number of paver or mixing plant capacity is low， thanks to two Paver， Road， the central vertical heat joints are often the weakest Seams paving mixture too much or too little will produce Segregation in the seams， will form a bridge over the effects of compaction on both sides of affected joints， seams less inadequate If the two are inconsistent paver paving thickness， the small thickness of the side seams are not easily Behind the paver two different rolling temperatures also cause excessive joint In addition， isolation joints are often the end of segregation in conjunction with trucks or other forms of segregation in the formation of combination As the vertical seams in the lane， the number of multi-wheel loads， which often produces greater Segregation of control 1 Control of materials piling up approach Layered aggregates (especially coarse aggregate) can reduce the random segregation Loader stacking up piles of material， the material on the particle size should be large changes in the slope layer by piling， slope less than 1: In the yard space to allow the case to minimize the height of the heap If the coarse aggregate in the stockpile segregation occurred in the bottom， front-end loader will be used to re-mixing material， the hopper can be sent to the Unloading and loading to enhance stockpile management， the key is to reduce the random 2 Temperature Control Mixing Station Temperature to determine the factory by the paving Mixture temperature losses influenced by the weather， according to the distance of the mixture of time and storage， construction of the asphalt test section of the process to determine the temperature loss， to determine the temperature of asphalt Aggregate level of the heating temperature is mainly affected by fluctuations in raw material moisture content， and thus affect the quality of asphalt and asphalt mixing plant Fine aggregate rain shelter structures can effectively control the water content and reduce the volatility of aggregate temperature， and can save heating oil and reduce 3 Loading and Unloading vehicles Prevent the formation of vehicle loading and segregation， in the loading process， should be at least three times a load， the first near the front of the car， the second near the rear， the third time in the middle of the car by this method can basically eliminate the formation of the segregation If mixed with a material for each load， the top of the car by sliding movement of the vehicles can even load， it loads the effect of the score three times even In addition， when a car when the mixture into the paver， the first time from the top to fill the hopper once and should be so that the mixture as a whole into the paver hopper， so to avoid car unloading caused by 4 paver paving operation Paver paving process to maintain stable and continuous spiral fabric uniform rotation device， spreader feeders on both sides to maintain a high degree of not less than 2 / 3 of mixture to prevent the formation of the outer spiral fabric mixture accumulation device After each discharge as dump truck paver hopper scraper conveyor on both sides there will always be less than scraping the mixture， which is often coarse material after If every time close to the paver hopper mixture paving， road laws of segregation phenomena Resolve this problem， close the hopper should be minimized， artificial accumulation not affect the leveling hopper dump truck dumping mainly to minimize the mixture segregation， and the paver in a car expected to be finished， close the feeder， so get off after the material uniformly into the feed and Unloading the car when the paver， uninstall the fast speed as far as possible， as far as possible to ensure continuous paver operation， do not Adjust the speed of paver paving and mixing station to the feed rate is the 5 Joint Treatment In Weiwu highway paving， in the normal section， using two ABG-423-type paver simultaneously， paver to ensure two before six cars waiting for unloading transport material， and between pavers spacing not greater than 20 The paving of the widened section to the Highway Bureau of Dongying City， the introduction of a Suge Le paver， three forward together in a section of To avoid cold joints， to avoid temperature 6 Rolling Compaction is to ensure that an important part of the quality of road To ensure compactness and flatness， rolling should follow the "high-frequency， low amplitude， followed， less water， slow pressure" principle， from low to high， full- Roller should be rolled slow even pace， according to initial pressure roller rolling speed， complex pressure， final pressure and the corresponding roller
土木工程的英文是Civil Engineering ，直译是民用工程，它是建造各种工程的统称。它既指建设的对象，即建造在地上，地下，水中的工程设施，也指应用的材料设备和进行的勘测，设计施工，保养，维修等专业技术。土木工程随着人类社会的进步而发展，至今已经演变成为大型综合性的学科，它已经出许多分支，如：建筑工程，铁路工程，道路工程，桥梁工程，特种工程结构，给水排水工程，港口工程，水利工程，环境工程等学科。土木工程共有六个专业：建筑学，城市规划，土木工程，建筑环境与设备工程，给水排水工程和道路桥梁工程。土木工程作为一个重要的基础学科，有其重要的属性：综合性，社会性，实践性，统一性。土木工程为国民经济的发展和人民生活的改善提供了重要的物质技术基础，对众多产业的振兴发挥了促进作用，工程建设是形成固定资产的基本生产过程，因此，建筑业和房地产成为许多国家和地区的经济支柱之一。古代的土木工程有很长的时间跨度，大致从公元前500年新石器时代出现原始的土木工程活动到16世纪末意大利的文艺复兴，导致土木工程走上迅速发展的道路为止，前后经历了两千多年。在这段时间内，由于科学理论发展及其缓慢，土木工程也没有突破习惯的发展。从17世纪中页开始到20 世纪40年代第二次世界大战结束为止的300年间，国外的建筑取得了长足的进步。土木工程进入了定量分析阶段。一些理论的发展，新材料的出现，新工具的发明，都使土木工程科学日渐完善和成熟。到了近代，二战结束之后，许多国家经济起飞，现代科学日益进步，从而为进一步发展提供了强大的动力和物质基础。人们生活水平的不断提高，必然要求越来越舒适的居住环境，在这种情况下，建筑的发展直接推动了土木工程的发展。总的来说土木工程是一门古老的学科，它已经取得了巨大的成就，未来的土木工程将在人们的生活中占据更重要的地位。地球环境的日益恶化，人口的不断增加，人们为了争取生存，为了争取更舒适的生存环境，必将更加重视土木工程。在不久的将来，一些重大项目将会陆续兴建，插入云霄的摩天大楼，横跨大样的桥梁，更加方便的交通将不是梦想。科技的发展，以及地球不断恶化的环境必将促使土木工程向太空和海洋发展，为人类提供更广阔的生存空间。近年来，工程材料主要是钢筋，混凝土，木材和砖材，在未来，传统材料将得到改观，一些全新的更加适合建筑的材料将问世，尤其是化学合成材料将推动建筑走向更高点。同时，设计方法的精确化，设计工作的自动化，信息和智能话技术的全面引入，将会是人们有一个更加舒适的居住环境。一句话，理论的发展，新材料的出现，计算机的应用，高新技术的引入等都将使土木工程有一个新的飞跃English is the Civil Engineering Civil Engineering， civil engineering is literally， it is the construction of the project It means building objects that the construction on the ground， underground， water works facilities， equipment and materials to use in surveying， design construction， maintenance， repair and other professional Civil Engineering with the progress of the human society， has been transformed into large integrated disciplines， it has a number of branches， such as : construction， rail projects， road projects， bridge projects， special project structure， water drainage works， the port project， water， environmental engineering A total of six professional Civil Engineering : architecture， urban planning， civil engineering， construction and environmental engineering equipment， water drainage works and road bridge Civil Engineering as an important foundation subjects， its important attribute : an integrated， social， practicality， Civil Engineering for the development of the national economy and improve the living standards of the people provided important material and technological foundation for the revitalization of many industries played a catalytic role in the construction of fixed assets is a basic production process， the construction and real estate in many countries and regions become a pillar of the economyAncient Civil Engineering has a long time span， roughly 500 years before Christ from the original date in civil engineering activities to the 16 century Italian Renaissance， resulting in the rapid development of the Civil Engineering on the road today， and has experienced more than 2，000 During this period， due to the development of scientific theories and slow， there is no breakthrough in civil engineering Century from 17 pages to 40 years in the 20th century end of the Second World War 300 years， foreign construction made great Civil Engineering has entered a phase of quantitative Some theoretical development， the emergence of new materials， new tools of invention， the Civil Engineering Science is perfection and In modern times， after the end of World War II， many countries economic takeoff， the increasing advances of modern science， so as to provide a powerful impetus to further development and material People's living conditions continue to improve， more and more comfortable living environment for the inevitable in the circumstances， the construction of development directly to the Civil Engineering
