外国语学院英语论文格式规范(附样例) A Contrastive Study between English and Chinese Idioms（题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中，除了英语小词外，其他单词首字母都要大写；另外：除了题目外，论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”）外国语学院 2001级英语教育1030120011XX XXX 指导老师：XXX（学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名（小四号宋体字，加粗），依次排印在论文题目下，上空二行，居中）【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of ……（英文摘要：上空二行；题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号；采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗；单倍行距。）【Key Words】 idiom; comparison; English; Chinese （英文关键词：题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，两个单词的首字母要大写，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用任何其他标点符号，采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗，除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写，各单词之间用分号“；”隔开，分号之后空一格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距。） Introduction (顶格，除了第一个单词及专有名词外，其他单词首字母都不要大写；标题最后不用任何标点符号，上空两行) In both English and Chinese， … So， this essay is trying to focus on the differences between Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning， customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang， 1993:44; Li Guangling， 1999) (段落第一行缩进4个英文字符；夹注的标注法：出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系；注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号，时间、页码等的标注法；另外，汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现，不能出现汉语姓氏；夹注出现在标点符号之前) The similarities between English idioms and Chinese idioms In English， … And it can be clearly seen in the below examples: (1) I don’t know。我不知道。 (2) I am not a 我不是诗人。 (正文中的例子以（1），（2）…为序号排列，直至最后一个例子；而①， ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号)… The differences between English idioms and Chinese 1 The characteristics of English idioms（正文章节序号编制：章的编号： ，， ，…；节的编号：1，2…，1，2…；小节的编号为：1， 2…。小节以下层次，采用希腊数字加括号为序，如（i），（ii）…；之后再采用字母加括号，如(a)， (b)，…;每章题目左顶格，小四号字，加粗；每节（及小节以下）题目左顶格，小四号字，不加粗但要斜体；所有章节的题目都单独一行，最后不加任何标点符号） … In conclusion， …2 The characteristics of Chinese idioms … Feng (1998) found some problems as shown in the following examples (注意此句中夹注的另一种写法): (9) We never know the worth of water till the well is (10) People take no thought of the value of time until they lose …1 The analysis of the differences between English and Chinese idioms …(i) … …(ii) … … Conclusion …Bibliography (References) （小四号，加粗，后面不加任何标点符号）Sanved， The Oxford book of American literary anecdotes[C] New York: OUP， 常亮，“关于英语的偏离否定”[J] 。《外国语文》，1993，4：44。冯树健，“否定之否定新说”[J] 。《英语辅导》，1998，6：11。李光陵，“不完全否定浅析” [J] 。《大学英语》，2000，30：30。（论文最后的参考文献中所有文献的排列顺序：尾注：按照编号顺序。夹注：英文文献----网络文献----汉语文献，各个文献的先后以作者的姓氏字母或拼音为序，不用单独加序号或编号；每个参考文献的第二行起必须缩进4个英文字符；5倍行距；另外，与文中的夹注一一对应；不同类型的参考文献写法请参照写作指南中附件2的内容）(以下内容单独一页)汉英习语的对比研究（题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中）【摘 要】 汉英的习语问题是个既简单有复杂…… …… ……（中文摘要：上空二行；题目采用黑体五号字，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，缩进2个汉字字符，方括号中的“摘要”两个字之间空一格；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号，采用楷体五号字，不加粗，单倍行距； 第二行起要顶格；字数约400字，约8-10行；）【关键词】 习语；对比；英语；汉语（中文关键词：题目采用黑体五号字，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，缩进2个汉字字符；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号，采用楷体五号字，不加粗，单倍行距；各单词之间用分号“；”隔开，分号之后不空格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距）一、 基本格式：论文只能打印在每页纸的一面上，不得打印在正反面上。论文纸的大小尺寸为A4纸打印。侧面装订。二、题名页：论文题名页上打印格式基本相近，中、英文对照，中文题目页在第一页，英文题目页在第二页。一般由顶部往下三分之一页处打印论文题目，论文题目都用大写字母，下隔八行打印论文调查者姓名、所属电大，再下隔八行视实际情况打上提交日期XX年XX月XX日以及课程名称：论文项目设计上述各项内容都应打印在论文题名页的中间部位。三、摘要及关键词页摘要及关键词页上打印格式同论文题名页，中、英文对照，中文题目页在上，英文题目页在下。一般根据提要的内容多少安排打印。中文题目摘要采用宋体一号，加粗，摘要正文部分采用宋体，小四号。关键字题目部分采用宋体三号，加粗，关键字短语部分采用宋体，小四号。英文题目摘要采用Times New Roman字体，字号为一号，加粗，摘要正文部分采用Times New Roman字体，字号为小四。四、致谢页学员可以自选致谢页，一般不要求写中文。英文大标题采用Times New Roman字体，字号为一号，加粗，正文部分采用Times New Roman字体，字号为小四。五、目录页英文大标题采用Times New Roman字体，字号为一号，加粗，小标题部分统一采用Times New Roman字体，字号为三号，加粗。注意在右方注明对应的页号，中间虚线连接。六、正文页论文的正文需隔行打印，正文采用Times New Roman字体，字号为小四。大标题为Times New Roman字体，字号为三号、加粗字。副标题为Times New Roman字体，字号为三号、加粗。七、尾注、参考文献页与附录页尾注、参考文献页与附录页（大标题采用Times New Roman字体，字号为一号，加粗）正文部分如尾注、参考文献目录与附录可不必隔行打印，字体为Times New Roman小四。
Recently，the problem of__________has aroused people's However， different people hold different attitudes A lot of people seem to think that__________________ There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of______________It does us much harm(good)I quite agree with the statement that ________________，The reason are chiefly as follows， to start with___________，in addition_________，perhaps the primary reason is ___________，It has more advantages than disadvantages(disadvantages thanadvantages)。In my opinion， Taking all these factors into consideration， We naturally came to the conclusion that_________________ Obviously， it is high time that we took some measures to solve the 最近，_______问题已引起人们的关注，然而，人们的态度各不相同，很多人似乎以为_________ 毫无疑问，对________问题应该给予足够的重视。它对我们很有坏处（好处）。我十分赞同这一论述_________________，主要的原因包括_____________一个原因是_________ 另一个原因_________或许最主要的是_________________它的利多弊少。弊多利少 在我的观点，把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论_______________________。显然，现在我们提出解决问题方案正是时候。
一、正反观点式议论文万能句（对比观点型）作文框架模版给出观点——正反观点二选一（有的人认为，有的人认为，你的观点）There is a widespread concern over the issue that________（作文题目）But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to (开头一般题目给出)The majority think that________（观点一） First of all，________（原因一）Furthermore， ________（原因二） So it goes without saying that________（观点一）People，however，differ in their opinions on this Some people hold the view that________（观点二） On the one hand，________（原因一） On the other hand，________（原因二） Therefore， there is no doubt that ________（观点二）As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that观点一或二It is not only because ________(原因一)， but also because ________（原因二）It's high time that________ (喊口号) Only in this way eventually can we ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：有一个广泛引起关注的问题________。但众所周知有关这个热点话题的观点因人而异。绝大多数人认为________。首先，________。而且，________。因此不言而喻________。然而在这个话题上人们的观点各不相同。有的人持有的观点是________。一方面，________。另一方面，________。因此，毫无疑问________。就我而言，我强烈支持________的观点。不仅因为________，还因为________。该是________的时候了。只有这样我们最终才能________。二、“A或者B”类议论文万能句：（说明利弊型）作文框架模版：说明某一事物的优缺点及自己的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily Generally speaking， its advantages can be seen as First of all ，________(A的优点之一)Moreover，________（A的优点之二）Besides ，________(A的优点之三)But every coin has two The negative aspects are also One of the important disadvantages is that ________(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse， ________(A的第二个缺点)．Through above analyses， I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative Therefore， I would like to________ (我的看法)．或者(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A， we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are Only by this way， (对前景的预测)．模版译文：现如今很多人更喜欢A，因为它在我们生活中扮演了一个重要的角色。总的来说。他的优点如下。首先________。而且，________。除此之外，________。但凡事都有利有弊，消极的一面也是很明显的。最重要的缺点是________。更糟糕的是________通过以上分析，我认为积极的一面胜过消极的一面。因此，我更喜欢________。三、观点论述类议论文万能句：（现象说明型）作文框架模版现象说明型：说明某一现象及其产生的原因和自己的看法Nowadays， there are more and more ________ (某种现象) in ________ (某种场合) It is estimated that________ (相关数据) Why have there been so many ________ (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as To begin with， ________ (原因一) Besides， (原因二) Last but not least， ________ (原因三)Personally， the main cause of ________ (某种现象) is due to ________ (最主要原因) It is high time that something were done upon For one thing，________ (解决办法一) For another， ________ (解决办法二) All these measures will certainly reduce the amount of ________ (某种现象)模版译文：现如今在________(某种场合) 有越来越多的________。(某种现象) 据统计，________。为神马有如此多的________?也许原因如下。首先，________。除此之外，________。最后但同样重要的是，________。我认为，引起________的主要原因是________。该是时候采取些措施了。一方面，________。另一方面，________。所有这些措施都将会解决________。阐述主题型：要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．四、"How to"类议论文万能句：（问题解决型）作文框架模版模版①要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1．问题现状 2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days， we have to face a problem________A， which ， surprisingly ， is becoming more and more First of all， ________(说明A的现状)．Secondly， ________(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the For one thing，________(解决方法一) For another， ________(解决方法二) Finally， ________解决方法三)Personally， I believe that ________(我的解决方法) Consequently， I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________(带来的好处)模版译文：现如今我们不得不面对一个问题________A，这个问题正变得越来越严重。首先，________。其次，________。面对A，我们应该采取一系列的措施来解决这个处境。一方面，________。另一方面，________。最后，________。就我而言，我认为________。因此，我相信一个崭新的未来正在等待着我们，因为________。图表作文写作万能句（图表分析型）（常给出折线图、饼状图、条形、扇形等统计图）描写图表变化趋势的词：（建议使用斜体加横线的词，个人认为比较形象）上升：increase / rise / go up / rocket（迅速增加） 下降：decrease / reduce / come down/ decline快：quickly / rapidly / sharply / dramatically 慢：slowly / gradually作文框架模版As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table (graph/ picture /pie /chart )， ________(作文的议题)has been on rise (increases /drops /decreases )， significantly /dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_％ in _年_ to _％_ in _年_ From the sharp /marked decline/ rise in the chart， it goes without saying that________(现象总结)There are at least two good reasons accounting for________(总结的现象) On the one hand， ____ On the other hand， ________ is due to the fact that ________ In addition， __ is responsible for ________ (Maybe there are some other reasons to show ______But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly )As far as I am concerned，I hold the view that _______ It's high time that________ (喊口号) Only in this way can ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：正如图表所展示的那样，________一直在增长。从图表中飞速的增长，不言而喻________。至少有两个原因来解释________。一方面，________。另一方面，________是因为________除此之外，________是________的原由就我而言，我持有________的观点该是________的时候了只有这样我们最终才能________。
小学英语教学案例分析一、教学设计Step 1 Warm up 热身ing2 sing a song finger familyT: Do you like to sing a song? Ss: YAsk students to sing the song togetherS P introduce “hat， pen” to the students by using a hat that is filled with pens…Hat (new word)T: Now， look， what’s this?Ss: A T: Yes， it’s a (1)to teach the word “hat”Let students read the word as they touch the T: There is something in my Can you guess what they are？(Put the pen under the hat on purpose)Ss: Pen， pencil， ruler…(After the students’ guessing)T: Oh， where’s my pen?Ss: It’s under the To teach “where’s my pen？It’s under my ”Where’s my pen？It’s under my T: Where’s my pen， now？Ss: It’s under the To teach “Where’s my hat? It’s on my ”Use the same way to teach “It’s in my ”Play the radio and let them read after the To learn the textRead the text Let four groups have a train Read it one by 5 ames(1) To play the first game to enhance their memorizing of “in， on， under”T: Do you like games?Ss: YT: Now， let’s play a (2) to have a rest by doing exercise “up and down”(3) to play the second game to practice the textT: Now class， we will play the louder Do you like it?Ss: YT: Ok， let’s Who wants to have a try？(To hide a pen in a student’s hat)Ss: Where’s my pen? Where’s my pen?Step3 PracticeTo divide the students into four groups to read the text by having a competitionStep4 Check-upTo finish two exercises: One is finished together by the teachers and the students; the other is finished by the students Step5 SummaryWhat we have learned this class? What they should master after the learning?Step6 HomeworkTo read the text skillfully and try to reciteTo practice part 3 with their parents二、 设计说明（一）话题 小学新标准英语第一册Module 10 Unit1 “Where’s my pen?”（二）课题 本课的教学内容方位与学生日常生活密切联系。教学重点是掌握三个方位词 “in， on， under”（三）课时说明: 本案例是第十模块第一单元的第一课时。本模块是整册书的最后学习内容，学生在前面已经学习了文具等内容。因此，这节课的教学任务是如何在学习新知识的基础上，拓展和利用所学的旧知识，真正达到学以致用。（四）学情分析通过对第七模块的学习，同学们对文具已经有了较好的掌握，这为本单元的教学提供了有利的基础。本单元的教学内容方位词与学生的实际生活息息相关，因而本单元的教学内容对学生来说不难理解，关键是如何将分散的语言点进行整合，拓展，并在实际生活中加以准确运用。三、教学详细案课题名称：Module 10 Unit1 “Where’s my pen?”Teaching materials: 教材分析This lesson is taken from New Standard English for primary school students， which includes three parts as listen， point and find “in， on， under”， listen and say， In part 1， it mainly deals with the dialogue about “where’s my pen?” In part two， it is the extending of part While the third part focuses on the Teaching aims: 教学目标Knowledge aims: 知识目标1 To enable the students to master the new words and the sentence To let them understand the text and use them in real Ability aims: 能力目标to cultivate their ability of distinguishing the positions “in， on， under”Emotional aims: 情感目标 to foster the students’ interest of learning ETeaching methods: 教学方法In this lesson， I mainly use such teaching methods as Task-based Language Teaching Method and Communicative Teaching M在本节课中主要运用任务型教学和小组合作教学，充分体现学生的主体地位。剪子包袱锤的游戏和寻找物品的游戏充分体现了学生的主体地位；而分组朗读课文则充分体现了学生的合作意识。The difficult and important points: 教学重难点The difficult points are the use of the sentence to speak in daily life; while the important points are the mastering of the new words and 教学重点主要是让学生能够在日常生活中灵活运用所学英语句子；而难点则是课文单词及句型的学习。The teaching procedures: 教学过程Step1 Warm-up 热身In this step， I use a song “Finger Family” related with this This step is employed to foster the students’ interest of learning E以与本课有关的歌曲导入课堂，激发学生学习兴趣Step2 Presentation 呈现和操练 to play a song to introduce the word “where’s”Let them sing the song finger family， and guess the meaning of the word “where’s” ，通过歌词引入本节重点单词 “where’s” to introduce the new word “hat” and the text by showing a hat filled with pens， pencils…Let them watch the hat that I prepared to master the word “hat” Then let them guess the things in my The proposing of this process is to review the words that we have learned and introduce the 通过向学生展示自制魔术冒，教授新单词 “hat”，通过让学生猜测帽子里装的东西复习以前学过文具的单词，新旧知识结合。同时引出本课课文。 to learn the Let the students learn to read this text by listening to the tape and read after 让学生听录音并跟读，学习课文。 to play a game to enhance their memorizing of “in， on， under”通过玩剪子包袱锤的游戏，来加深本节课新授单词的学习。 to have a rest做课间操，使学生得到短暂的休息，以便达到更好的学习效果。 to play the louder game to enhance their understanding of the text通过让学生玩声音由大到小的游戏练习课文，加强朗读。Step3 Practice 练习To divide the students into four groups to read the text by having a competition 通过分组的竞赛的形式让学生朗读课文，获胜的小组奖励他们一颗星星。Step4 Check-up 检测To finish two exercises: One is finished together by the teachers and the students; the other is finished by the students 练习一以课件的形式展示，师生共同完成，主要是针对课文第一部分而设计，练习二以学案的形式，让学生连线（图片与句子连线），本练习把知识扩展到课文第二部分，学生独立完成后，同桌互相检查，最后师生通过课件共同检查。Step5 Summary 总结What we have learned this class? What they should master after the learning? 总结本节课所学重要知识。Step6 Homework 课后作业To read the text skillfully and try to reciteTo practice part 3 with their parents熟练朗读课文，争取背诵；和父母一起玩练习三的游戏Step7 Blackboard design 板书设计I divide the blackboard into two One part is used to write the main points of the text; the other part is used to show the ppt to the 把黑板分成两部分，左边板书课文及重要单词，右边向学生展示课件。四、Self-reflection 教学反思本堂课开展的活动符合一年级孩子心理，适合他们对语言的学习；课堂气氛活跃，能调动学生学习英语的积极性；教学步骤上处理恰当。回头看这堂课的教学，我觉得还有一些有待改进的地方：鼓励学生的语言少，对学生要求过于严厉；巩固单词这一环节游戏时间过长，导致巩固句子时间过短；课堂时间分配不够合理；教学环节设计的还是不够完善，不能灵活自如的衔接；上课过程中应尽量用全英，培养孩子的语感；开火车的游戏在英语课堂当中应该换成英语的说法，比如何凤老师在课堂中运用的snowball（滚雪球）。
