“Skopos theory”， simplified as “the end justifies the means” (Nord， 2001， 124)， was first put forward byHans J V It tries to liberate the translation from the confinement of the source The aim is to explainthe translation activity from the point of view of the target “Skopos rule” as the top-ranking rule for any translation， means a translational action is determined by itsS Vermeer explains as: Each text is produced for a given purpose and should serve this There arealso two subordinate rules in the “Skopos theory”: coherence rule and fidelity Coherence rule means thetarget texts must be comprehensible to receivers in target language culture and the communicative situation inwhich the target texts is to be Fidelity rule means there must be an inter-textual coherence between thesource texts and target texts， which is similar to the fidelity to the source However， the degree and form ofthe fidelity depend on the aim of the target texts and the translator’s comprehension of the source
Skopos is Greek， meaning "" Translation teleology (skopostheorie) is applied to translate the concept Skopos theory， its core concept is: the most important factor in the process of translation is the purpose of the overall translation Skopos the term is often used for translation In addition to Skopos， Vermeer also used the related "target "， "aim (purpose)"， "intention (intention)" and "function " and other In order to avoid conceptual confusion， Nord proposed intent and function as a basic distinction: "intention" is defined from the perspective of the sender， while the "functional" means the text feature， which is expected by the recipient， needs， knowledge is known and environmental conditions common The purpose of the framework in the Vermeer， the decision to translate the purpose of one of the most important factor in the audience - asked by means of the recipients， they have their own cultural background knowledge， expectations and communication needs Each translation point to the hands of some， so translation is "target scenario for a particular purpose and target audience and the production of " Vermeer that the original target audience but to provide some or all of the information Shows that the original purpose of the position in significantly lower than its position on such Translation of the emergence and development purposes 20th century 70s， Functional Theory rise in G The development has gone through several Phase I: Catharina • Rice for the first time the functional areas of the introduction of translation criticism， the language functions， text types and translation strategies linked to the development of the relationship between source text and translation functions based on mode of translation criticism， which made school of thought of the shape Rice that the ideal translation should be integrated communicative translation， that is， conceptual content， language forms and communicative functions with the original on the other， but in practice， should give priority to the translation of functional Phase II: Hans • Vermeer (Vermeer) presented the purpose of， the Centre for Translation Studies from the original to get out of The theory is that the original translation is based on a purpose and results act that must be done through consultations; translation must be guided by a set Faze， the purpose of which law the most In other words， the purpose of translation depends on the In addition， the translation must follow the "rules of language within the coherent" and "intertextual coherence " The former refers to the internal coherence of translation， the translation appears to be understandable receiver， which means between the translation and the original should have After the introduction of these three principles， evaluation criteria of translation is no longer a "reciprocity"， but to achieve the desired goal of full version Vermeer also proposed the appointment of the concept of translation that the translator should be to decide whether， when and how to complete the translation In other words， the translator should be used depending on the translation of the corresponding translation strategy purposes， but also have the right to translate what the original purpose of the decision to retain and which need to be adjusted or Fermil that the highest law in translation should be "objective " In other words， the purpose of translation of different translation strategies adopted， a different In other words， the purpose of translation determines the translation of strategies and For the history of the naturalization of Chinese and Western translation， alienation dispute， and even nearly 23 years the field of translation and other forms of extensive discussions and dynamic equivalence， "teleological" have made a very good Translation in the end is to take Alienation， depends on the purpose of As the function of translation theory is to "objective principles" as the supreme criterion， and any translation activities are purposeful acts， translated title and the main function of the ultimate goal is to help people understand the main contents of the film， and stimulate the desire to watch the Therefore， we need to functionality translation theory in particular， "teleological" school to do simple to Phase III: Justa • Choc - Manta learn communication and behavior in theory， translate behavior， the further development of the Functional Theory of the theory will be translated as driven by the aim to translate the results-oriented people the interaction between The theory and purpose of a lot in common， Vermeer was also
