中文:文化差异影响跨文化交际 随着价值观与道德标准、社会关系、社会礼仪和社会风俗等方面，即西方文化主张个人荣誉、自我中心、创新 精神和个性自由，而中国文化主张谦虚谨慎、无私奉献、中庸之道和团结协作；西方人平等意识较强、家庭结 构简单，由父母以及未成年子女组成核心家庭；而中国人等级观念较强，家庭结构较复杂，传统的幸福家庭多 为四代同堂等。 在跨文化交际中，由于文化障碍而导致的信息误解，甚至伤害对方的现象屡见不鲜。有时善意的言谈会使 对方尴尬无比，礼貌的举止会被误解为荒诞粗俗。因此，研究文化差异，研究正确的跨文化交际行为已成为不 可忽视的问题。 在中国，对别人的健康状况表示关心是有教养、有礼貌的表现。但对西方人的健康表示关心，就不能按中 国的传统方式了。一个中国学生得知其美籍教师生病后，会关切地说“you should go to see a doctor！（你 应该到医院看看）”。不料，这句体贴的话反而使这位教师很不高兴。因为在这位教师看来，有病看医生这种 简单的事情连小孩都知道，用不着任何人来指教。如果就某种小事给人以忠告，那显然是对其能力的怀疑，从 而大大伤害其自尊心。 中国人在饭桌上的热情好客经常被西方人误解为不文明的行为。因西方人认为：客人吃多吃少完全由自己 决定，用不着主人为他加菜添酒；而且饮食过量是极不体面的事情，因此客人吃饭后，主人不必劝他再吃。一 位美国客人看到中国主人不断地给他挟菜很不安，事后他抱怨说“主人把我当猪一样看待”。 中国人路遇熟人时，往往会无所顾忌地说：“啊呀，老兄，你近来又发福了！”或者以关切的口吻说：“ 老兄，你又瘦了，要注意身体啊！”而西方人若听你说“you are fat”或“you are so thin”，即使比较熟 悉，也会感到尴尬和难以答。 从以上例子不难看出：文化障碍的确会影响跨文化交际。因此有必要研究不同文化间的差异。 Cultural differences affect cross-cultural communication With values and ethical standards， social relations， social etiquette and social customs， and other aspects， that is， Western culture advocated personal honor， self-centeredness， innovative spirit， and individual freedom， and Chinese culture advocates modest and prudent， selfless dedication， and the doctrine of the mean and unity， cooperation ; Westerners strong sense of equality， the family structure is simple， by the parents and minor children of the nuclear family， while the Chinese hierarchy and stronger family structures more complicated， more traditional happy families for four generations， and so In cross-cultural communication， because of cultural barriers and lead to misunderstanding of information， or even hurt each other's are common Sometimes goodwill remarks will embarrass the other side incomparable， appearance will be misunderstood as absurd Therefore， the study of cultural differences on the right of cross-cultural communication has become a problem that can not be In China， others expressed concern about the health status of the cultured， polite But Westerners expressed concern about the health， we can not by the traditional Chinese A Chinese-American students know their teachers became ill， will concern， saying: "you should go to see a doctor! (You should see to the hospital)" Unexpectedly， this considerate words to the contrary， the teachers very Because in the view of teachers， sick to see a doctor this simple matter even children know， do not need anyone to If on some trivial advice to people it is clearly doubt their ability， thus greatly hurt their self- Chinese people at the dinner table and the hospitality of Westerners often misunderstood as uncivilized For Westerners think: eat fewer guests to eat their own decision entirely， there is no need for him加菜Tim masters of wine; and excessive diet is extremely shameful thing， so after dinner guests， the owner advised him not A master of American guests to see China continue to Jiacai very disturbing to him after he complained that "the masters， like pigs when I look " Chinese路遇acquaintances， often unscrupulous and said: "啊呀，老兄， you recently made a further blessing!" Or to the tone of concern， said: "老兄， you lost， we should pay attention to physical ah!" And the West if you listen to people say "you are fat" or "you are so thin，" even more familiar with， will feel awkward and difficult FOR It is easy to see from the above examples: cultural barriers will truly affect cross-cultural It is therefore necessary to study the differences between different
