初中英语作文有一些简单的从句 就会显得文章上了一个层次好好用这些短语,你的作文分不会低 但是有些不是中学大纲里的 可以选择性的使用 at the thought of一想到… as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论 at will 随心所欲 (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解 by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外 Without accident(=safely) 安全地, of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地 in accord with 与…一致 out of one’s accord with 同…。不一致 with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 take…into account(=consider)把。考虑进去 give an account of 说明, 解释 (理由) account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明。 on account of (=because of) 由于,因为。 on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame for ; blame on ; complain about) 指控,控告 be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。 be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 adapt…(for) (=make Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循 adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的 (to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能,留有…的余地。 in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先 to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地 have an advantage over 胜过 have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事 take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用 agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;…………… ahead of time 提前 in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体 2)在谣传中 above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的 in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计 after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎 allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到 amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于。 answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责。 answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合。 be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for apologize to for 为…向…道歉 appeal to for 为某事向某人呼吁 appeal to 对某人有吸引力 apply to for 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用。 apply to 与…有关;适用 approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve 批准 arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起。 arrange for / to do 安排…做… arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of done) 以…为羞耻 assure of (=try to cause to believe or trust in ) 向…保证, 使…确信。 attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结 make an attempt at doing (to do ) 试图做… attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料 attitude to/ toward …对…的态度。看法 attribute…to…(=to believe to be the result of…)把。归因于, 认为。是。的结果 on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道。 at the back of (=behind) 在…后面 in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。 at one’s back(=supporting or favoring ) 支持,维护; have at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台 turn one’s back on (=turn away from in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话) be based on / upon 基于 on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上 beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢 begin with 以…开始 to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语) on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义 believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider / to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰。 benefit (from) 受益,得到好处。 for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处) for the better 好转 get the better of (=defeat ) 打败, 胜过。 by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生 blame for 因…责备某人 blame on 把…推在某人身上 in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机 boast of (or about) 吹嘘 out of breath 喘不过气来 in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之 in bulk 成批地,不散装的 take the floor 起立发言 on business 出差办事。 be busy with sth。于某事。 be busy doing 忙于做某事 last but one 倒数第二。 but for (=without) 要不是 表示假设 buy for…money 用多少钱买 be capable of 能够, 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的 in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何 in case (=for fear that) 万一; in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…, 就…而言 in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句) be cautious of 谨防 center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上 be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定。 for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地 by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然
参考下面 英语论文格式及写作规范 语言和内容是评判一篇英语论文质量高低的重要依据;但是,写作格式规范与否亦是一个不可忽略的衡量标准。因此,规范英语论文的格式,使之与国际学术惯例接轨,对我们从事英语教学,英语论文写作,促进国际学术交流都具有重要意义。由于英语论文写作规范随学科不同而各有所异,本文拟就人文类学科英语论文的主要组成部分,概述美国教育界、学术界通行的人文类英语论文写作规范,以供读者参考、仿效。 一、英语论文的标题 一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:D/PCPrager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为6cm(论文其他部分行距同此)。 就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为5cm,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边上下对齐,并留出5cm左右的页边空白(下同)。接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。 二、英语论文提纲 英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为5cm左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。 三、英语论文正文 有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约5cm。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。 四、英语论文的文中引述 正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下。 若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如: The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9) 这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名);阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成9);作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号;句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。 被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示: Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas” is an admirable and characteristic And if one is sorry that in it Whitman is unable to conceive the extreme crises of society, one is certain that no society would be tolerable whoses citizens could not find refreshment in its buoyant democratic (Chase 165) 这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起;二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。 如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如: DBeaman points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9) 值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。 如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号);点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如: Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and with undisguised scorn and (Nitchie 43) 若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如: Professor Chen Jia's A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i) 圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线;规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字;其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。 如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如: Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35) Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle 15) 这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式),其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。 评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示。 When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface,“The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all ”(1620-21) 这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格;圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写;21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。
我背过。不过我嫌这35句杂乱无章,就重新编排了下,编成了3段易记的短文。各位如有更好的编排方法,请回贴。以下是我编排的:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our On no account can we ignore the value of There is no one but longs to go to Nothing is more important than to receive Since I went to senior high school, I have worked very The harder you work, the more progress you The more books we read, the more learned we Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing So precious is time that we can't afford to waste There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be We should bring home to people the value of working We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever M Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my It pays to help What an important thing it is to keep our promise!How important a thing it is to keep our promise!We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too Smoking has a great influence on our Reading does good to our mind and Overwork does harm to Listening to music enable us to feel Summer is sultry, That is the reason why I don't like We should get into the habit of keeping good Taking exercise is closely related to By taking exercise, we can always stay Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to Pollution poses a great threat to our It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air(supply fresh air for us)An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any We should spare no effort to beautify our The condition of our traffic leaves much to be It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic Those who violate traffic regulations should be The progress of thee society is based on