Summary: November 9, 2013 – 12th held 18 plenary session of the Chinese Communist Party in Beijing, will be put on ensuring and improving people's livelihood and promote social equity and justice in a prominent Originated from China's social security system in the 1950 of the 20th century, after many years of reform has made certain achievements, however, due to the current rural social security system in China is still inadequate, and many other factors contribute to the widening urban-rural income gap in China, resulting in comprehensive well-off society in the pursuit of goals in our country faces enormous The social security system, for the relief of the poor, adjusting income overall realization of well-off society, balancing urban and rural development is of great This article in the perspective of the urban-rural income gap, to explore the development and improvement of rural social security system in C Articles by analyzing the submitted summary of rural social security system in our country's present situation, problems, causes of rural social security system, and the meaning of perfecting rural social security system, in particular significance for narrowing the urban-rural income gap, and in conjunction with the relevant international experiences and levels of socio-economic development to try to make perfecting the rural social security system in specific programmes, final summarizing and perfecting rural social security system will be Key words: rural social security system urban-rural income gap; perfect income distribution