The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering what is now El Giza， E It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World， and the only one to remain largely Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to fourth dynasty Egyptian PharaohKhufu，[1][2] Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC Initially at 5 metres (481 feet)， the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3，800 Originally， the Great Pyramid was covered by casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen today is the underlying core Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's construction Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into There are three known chambers inside the Great P The lowest chamber is cut into the bedrock upon which the pyramid was built and was The so-called[3] Queen's Chamber and King's Chamber are higher up within the pyramid The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only pyramid in Egypt known to contain both ascending and descending The main part of the Giza complex is a setting of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honour of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile)， three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives， an even smaller "satellite" pyramid， a raised causeway connecting the two temples， and small mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for
A pyramid is a building where the outer surfaces are triangular and converge at a The base of a pyramid can be trilateral， quadrilateral， or any polygon shape， meaning that a pyramid has at least three outer surfaces (at least four faces including the base) The square pyramid， with square base and four triangular outer surfaces， is a common A pyramid's design， with the majority of the weight closer to the ground，[2] means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above: this distribution of weight allowed early civilizations to create stable monumental The most famous pyramids are the Egyptian pyramids — huge structures built of brick or stone， some of which are among the world's largest The age of the pyramids reached its zenith at Giza in 2575-2150 BC[3] As of 2008， some 138 pyramids have been discovered in E[4][5] The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest in Egypt and one of the largest in the Until Lincoln Cathedral was built in 1400 AD， it was the tallest building in the The base is over 52，600 square meters in While pyramids are associated with Egypt， the nation of Sudan has 220 extant pyramids， the most numerous in the [6]The Great Pyramid of Giza was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient W It is the only one to survive into modern The Ancient Egyptians covered the faces of pyramids with polished white limestone， containing great quantities of fossilized seashells[7] Many of the facing stones have fallen or have been removed and used to build the mosques of C 详见
