1、若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如:The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper 9)这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名);阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成9);作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号;句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。2、被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示:Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas” is an admirable and characteristic And if one is sorry that in it Whitman is unable to conceive the extreme crises of society, one is certain that no society would be tolerable whose citizens could not find refreshment in its buoyant democratic (Chase 165)这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起;二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。3、如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如:D Beaman points out that “he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9)值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。4、如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点, 如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号);点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如:Mary Shelley hated tyranny and “looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and with undisguised scorn and (Nitchie 43)5、若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如:Professor Chen Jia’s A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers “a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i)圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线;规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字;其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。6、如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如:Bacon condemned Platoas “an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35)Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine (Aristotle 15)这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式), 其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。7、评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示:When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface, “The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all ”(1620-21)这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格;圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写;21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开。
一、冒号在英文中的用法1、冒号用于对后面内容的介绍或解释,如 This is her plan: go 2、冒号用于名单之前,特别是一个竖排的名单。We transferred three employees to new branches:· Tony Wang to New York City· Mike Jackson to Tokyo· Mark Foster to Paris当名单横排的时候,冒号要用在一个完整的句子之后,如 We need seven people: three students,three engineers,and a 3、冒号用于一个正式的引用之前。如 The professor said: “It was ”4、冒号也可用于商业或正式信函的称谓后面。如 Dear M Lee:(美国英语中,信件或演说词的称呼语之后用冒号,而在英国英语中多用逗号。)5、冒号用于数字时间的表示,如16:45 或4:45 6、冒号用于主标题和副标题之间,如 Web Directory: World and Non-US Economic Data二、引号在英文中的用法引号分单引号(single quotation marks) 和双引号(double quotation marks) 。单引号只用在一个直接引语中所含有的另一个直接引语上。1、表示直接引语。当直接引语超过四行或多于40个字词时, 一般不用引号而改用黑体字以便与文章的其它部分界线清晰。"Well, "the foreigner said to him," you look like an "句号和逗号必须置于引号(双引号和单引号) 之内。2、标明短篇出版物的标题, 诸如杂志、报纸上的文章、短诗、短篇故事和整部书的某一章节。Have you read "The Old Man and the Sea"?Chapter three is entitled "The I"3、表示所用的词语具有特殊意义。另外,当俚语出现在较正式的文章中, 也用引号引起来, 以表示文风的有意转变。The report contained the "facts" of the The speaker owns a "fat farm" in California, which slims down rich overeaters for $2 , 500 a 4、 用于表示引起读者注意的词语, 或读者不熟悉的特殊词语。It is customary to say "Youpre welcome" whenever anyone says "Thank ""SOS" is a message for help from a ship or aircraft when in 三、问题中的句子要加冒号和引号。扩展资料:1、冒号用在公函上收信人的称呼Dear Sir: We were very honored to have you come visit our 2、冒号用于分开标题和副标题(当一标题需要进一步说明时所加上的副标题)Math Applications: Using Calculus to Determine the Age of Rocks (标题MathApplications和副标题Using Calculus to Determine the Age of Rocks之间以冒号隔开)3、冒号必须加在完整句子或独立子句之后最常见的冒号用法上的错误就是将冒号放在完整句或独立子句的中间。参考资料来源:百度百科-冒号