There is a big park near my There are many trees and flowers in There is a lake，I often go there on the There are people Some people walk near the Some people talk in Some children often play games under big Others sing and dance in front of the i like the park very
China built environment the value of cultural significanceAbstract: This paper discusses the traditional Chinese culture in the built environment and value embodied in， and when the built environment and cultural traditions and modern analysis， elaborated on China built environment of the significance of cultural development for the traditional architectural culture and modern development of the bonding In the context of Chinese culture， China's built environment to show with the people and the natural environment for the financial - body balance each Key words:Construction，Environment，Traditional，Modern，CultureChinese ancient architecture has a brilliant achievement， in the palace， gardens， construction of space processing， architectural art and material structure of harmony and unity， ， have excellent creativity and contribution to the formation of the regression of other buildings in the West of special character， in the human construction played an important role in the Today， the nature of architectural culture more and more attracted From the Great Hall of the People in Beijing after the founding of the end of the twentieth century buildings， hotels， and other Xiangshan inherited the traditional Chinese architectural art of the essence， but also a combination of modern Western art of architecture new concepts， new technologies， to become both fresh ethnic characteristics， strong characteristics of the times and the construction of cultural China's urban construction regardless of the ancient and contemporary， are in a particular space in cultural phenomenon， its richness and complexity of all the researchers can not be Since modern times， Chinese culture began the difficult process of From a traditional society to a modern social changes， but also depends on cultural If it is said that traditional Chinese culture in history and evolution of the track is more clear， then， the changes in modern times seem very China's vast territory， different parts of the larger cultural and economic In modern times， China and the western city undoubtedly follow a different path of development， not only to form their own political， economic and cultural systems， but also formed their own style of urban planning and architectural In modern times， with the intrusion of Western powers， as well as imported culture， including architectural culture of the Western urban culture， including the start of the Chinese have an enormous Because of this， including the China Architectural Culture urban culture， but also the beginning of the transition from traditionalism to modernization profound Today， in China's architectural theory and creative activity， people fond of tradition and modernity， inheritance and innovation， China and the West， such as a class of architectural culture and the phenomenon of comparison and controversy， it is But the debate of these issues should be made clear its purpose， that is， it should promote a culture of development and construction， and promote its progress， and not just be satisfied with the basis of these cultural phenomena to make objective and accurate Such as: During the discussion of traditional and modern， inheritance and innovation of the issue， many people keen on from the style， form or technology to argue their superiority， the wild， but it is not with the people from their survival and livelihood of the fundamental link go to explore their During the discussion of Chinese and Western architectural culture， people in the space of Chinese and Western concepts， behavior and attitude toward life and so a detailed comparison， based on the discovery and summed up the Chinese architectural concepts with Westerners differences and their respective characteristics， and then in creation and insufficient emphasis on theory and embody the characteristics of this， of course， is On the other hand， people are less human existence from the perspective of the state of traditional and modern， inheritance and innovation， Chinese and Western architecture to make further value Thus， the "tradition" of "modern" "inheritance" "innovation" "China" "Western" and so the purpose of turning themselves Building a culture of comparison and debate should therefore not achieve the purpose of architectural culture can not lead to real A long time， research in the field of architectural history， there is a "Western Center on" The view that the West is a historical tradition of urban construction， the East Building of non-historical In弗莱彻尔"comparative Architectural History" on the issue there is a "construction of the tree，" with illustrations， the center of the tree trunk is marked with Greece， Rome， Lo Man-style， top of the six main branches are some European and American countries Gothic architecture， Renaissance architecture and modern But Egypt， India， Mexico， China and so before the following number of delicate young branches， the United States on the center of the tree trunk on top， great image to express the author's construction of "Western-centered" There is no denying that the Western Urban Architecture in the past few centuries is indeed developing rapidly， both in content and form， or in technology and theory， aesthetics are taking shape on the forefront in the However， "Western Center on the" point of view is no doubt there is a problem with the development of world architectural history， not just the West， and no hall， which has become more and more consensus building and cultural ① Western post-modernist theorists Architectural Culture Frampton that: traditional architecture， especially folk architecture is the formation of specific locations in the building system with a function and structure is Especially in dealing with a number of specific factors， such as ventilation， lighting， insulation， with excellent Therefore， we can not simply deny according to the location， physical geography of the specific cultural environment and human development of the local Traditional Chinese architectural culture research， is to open up a theoretical level， the health of Chinese architectural Building Cultural Studies is not confined to explain a variety of architectural culture phenomenon， it is to building a culture of value-oriented Therefore， the architectural culture should be critical and To provide value-oriented， we must make a value assessment， it is necessary to establish one set of Human beings are different from their own cultural backgrounds， different building events are also a certain degree of architectural culture But culture is also a double-edged On the one hand， are the essence of any culture coexist with the dross， even if it is the essence， but also often can not be separated from the specific conditions of time and space; On the other hand， both the traditional culture may be a heavy cross， stifle the creative potential of modern people can also be become a treasure house of wisdom and enrich our imagination， expand our scale of Reality and future requirements of the complexity of life， far from being mechanically copy a certain kind of traditional methods， approaches， they can be met， we must absorb， draw upon their strengths needed to pick up In addition， the creation of the characteristics is still a serious topic， require a combination of specific locations， conditions， on the design requirements for specific Creative methods， the use of "abstract inheritance， moved like a wonderful" principle， may find a new Wu Liangyong， a so-called "abstract inheritance" means from the construction of traditional Chinese traditional architectural design principles and the basic theory of the essence of part of the development， applied to the reality created in the And the traditional image of the most distinctive part of extracted through abstract and concentrate to improve as a motif， be innovative and creative design in order to inspire the current Formal At the same time， should touch the pulse of China's traditional culture， digging out of the traditional architectural art connotation of time and space， first of all， attention should be paid to the art of architecture and the restoration of cultural values and spiritual function， not only the architectural and artistic works as industrial products and daily necessities， more efforts should not only its immediate physical This kind of inheritance， is not a form of plagiarism or the old parts of the permutation and combination， both creative principle of the succession and development， and the image of the drawing and So that the design of both the spirit likeness seek， nor exclusive to some extent， the details of the shape of a key is based on the location， condition And "want to move too wonderful，" "move to" is to their own imagination into the image of the object to， "Miao was" refers to grasp the true expression of the ② Extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture， architecture is the same We should not only from the perspective of the form， and from culture to understand the depth of the traditional， such as: the first level， the traditional beauty of classical architecture in the roof， brackets， shapes portico features， poetry， calligraphy and technology combined with the fitting-out forms ， as well as all kinds of doors and windows Prism Grid， decorative patterns; second level， the courtyard-style layout of the space rhythm， natural and architectural environment of complementary design， poetic， full of the humanistic spirit of gardening art， shape， number of paintings， azimuth the appearance of a symbol and metaphor practices; the third level， "harmony between man and nature" of the nature and focus on environmental effects of "feng shui" of thought， yin-yang confrontation， interaction， and the corresponding philosophical thinking and the "body， mind， and gas" competent a concept of health， and so Of them contains a wealth of content， deep philosophy and ③ which states that the value of traditional to modern needs in our new building works to discover， to Therefore， we should try to find traditional， modern values， and carry forward in preserving the essence of their traditional at the same time， get rid of its backward， not suited to modern development of things， to seek traditional architectural culture and the modern development of the combination of points， reflect the traditional architecture and cultural respect Heaven and Earth，Humanistic， say the pro-and thinking of materialist Carry forward the tradition of architectural culture are also available from traditional architecture design principles， spatial composition， composition methods， ideas have inspired the expression， ， have to inherit and use the development of innovation， continuous exploration of thinking of traditional architecture and modern architecture thinking， traditional technologies with modern technology， traditional and modern aesthetic of a combination of aesthetic consciousness， the outstanding traditional architectural culture into modern architecture Notes ①Chen Lixu urban culture and the spirit of the Southeast University P 2002， 142②Wu Liangyong broad architecture， Tsinghua University P 1989， the first 65-66 pages ③ Yang Y Building 100 words， China Building Industry Press， N 62中国建筑环境文化的价值意义内容摘要：本文论述了中国传统文化在建筑环境中的体现与价值，以及时建筑环境文化传统与现代的分析，阐明了中国建筑环境文化发展的意义，寻求传统建筑文化和现代发展的结合点。在中国的文化背景下，中国的建筑环境表现出了与人与自然环境融为—体，互为平衡。 关键词：建筑 环境 传统 现代 文化 中国古代建筑有着灿烂的成就，在宫室、园林、建筑空间的处理、建筑艺术与材料结构的和谐统一等方面，都有着卓越的创造与贡献，形成了迥别于西方建筑的特殊风貌，在人类建筑史上占有重要的地位。时至今日，建筑文化的特质愈来愈引起人们的重视。从建国后的北京人民大会堂到二十世纪末的香山饭店等建筑都继承了中国传统建筑艺术的精华，又融汇了西方现代建筑艺术的新观念、新技术，成为既有鲜活民族特色，又有强烈时代特征的建筑文化丰碑。中国的城市建筑无论古代、当代，都是在特定的空间中产生的文化现象，其丰富性与复杂性令所有研究者无法回避。 自近代以来，中国文化开始了艰难的转变过程。从传统社会向现代社会的转变，也是有赖于文化的转变。如果说中国传统文化的历史脉络和演变轨迹是较为清晰的话，那么，近代以来的转变似乎显得非常复杂。中国地域广阔，不同地区的文化和经济差异较大。 在近代以前，中国和西方城市无疑遵循着不同的发展道路，不仅形成了各自的政治、经济和文化制度，而且也形成了各自的城市规划风格和建筑风格。近代以来，随着西方列强的侵入以及文化的传入影响，包括建筑文化在内的西方城市文化，开始对中国产生巨大的影响。由此，包括建筑文化在内的中国城市文化，也开始了从传统到现代的深刻的转型。 当今，在我国的建筑理论和创作活动中，人们喜欢对传统与现代、继承与革新、中国与西方等一类建筑文化问题和现象进行比较和争论，这是必要的。但是争论这些问题应该明确它的目的，那就是它应当促进一种文化的发展和建构，推动它的进步，而不是仅仅满足于依据对这些文化现象做出客观、准确的描述。如：在讨论传统与现代、继承与革新的问题时，许多人热衷于从风格、形式或技术等方面去争论它们的高下、文野，却不是从它们与现代人的生存和生活的根本联系上去探讨它们的意义。在讨论中西方建筑文化时，人们在对中西方空间观念、行为方式和生活态度等等进行详尽比较的基础上，发现和总结出中国人同西方人建筑观念的差异和各自的特点，进而在创作和理论中充分强调和体现这种特点，这当然是好的。但是另一方面，人们却较少从人的存在状态的角度对传统与现代、继承与革新、中国与西方的建筑做出更进一步的价值判断。于是，“传统”“现代”“继承”“革新”“中国”“西方”等等本身变成了目的。建筑文化的比较和争论因此就没有达到应有的目的，不可能导致建筑文化的真正进步。 长期以来，在建筑史研究领域中，存在着一种“西方中心论”的观点，即认为西方城市建筑是历史传统，东方建筑是非历史传统。在弗莱彻尔的《比较建筑史》上刊有一幅“建筑之树”的插图，树的中心主干标明是希腊、罗马、罗蔓式，上端的6根主分枝分别是欧美一些国家哥特式建筑、文艺复兴建筑和近代建筑。却把埃及、印度、墨西哥、中国等都摆在下面一些纤弱的幼枝上，把美国放在这棵树的中心主干的顶端，极为形象地表达了作者的建筑“西方中心论”思想。无可否认，西方城市建筑在近几个世纪以来确实发展迅速，无论在内容和形式上，还是在科技和理论上、美学形态上都走在世界的前列。但是“西方中心论”的观点无疑是有问题的，世界建筑历史的发展，决不只此西方而别无殿堂，这已成为越来越多的建筑文化史家的共识。①西方后现代主义建筑文化理论家佛朗普顿认为：传统建筑特别是民俗建筑是在特定地点形成的建筑体系，具有功能和结构上的合理性。特别是在处理一些具体因素，如通风、采光、保温等方面具有优良的特点。所以，不能简单否定依地点、体具体的地理情况和人文文化环境发展起来的地方风格。 对中国传统建筑文化的研究，是为了在理论层面上开拓一条中国建筑的健康发展之路。建筑文化学并不局限于解释各种建筑文化现象，它是要为建筑文化的发展提供价值导向。因此，建筑文化应该是批判的与实践的。要提供价值导向，先要作出价值评判，所以必须树立一种价值观。不同的人类都各有自己的文化背景，不同的建筑事件也都有一定的建筑文化影子。然而文化也是一柄双刃剑。一方面，任何文化都是精华与糟粕并存，即便是精华，也往往离不开具体的时空条件；另一方面，传统文化既可能成为一副沉重的十字架，扼杀现代人的创造潜能，也可以成为一座智慧的宝库，丰富我们的想象，扩大我们思维的尺度。 现实及未来生活的复杂要求，远非机械地搬用某一种传统方法、途径，就可以得到满足的，必须博采所长，取我所需。另外，对于本特色的创造仍然是一个严肃的课题，需要结合具体地点、条件，对设计要求作具体分析。在创作方法上，采用“抽象继承、迁想妙得”的原则，可能会找到一条新途径。吴良镛提出所谓“抽象继承”是指从建筑传统中，将传统建筑的设计原则和基本理论的精华部分加以发展，运用到现实创作中来。并且把传统形象中最有特色的部分提取出来，经过抽象，集中提高，作为母题，予以新意，以启发当前设计创作形式美的创造。同时应当摸到中国传统文化的脉搏，挖掘出传统建筑艺术的时间和空间内涵，首先是要重视和恢复建筑艺术的文化价值和精神功能，不能只把建筑艺术作品当作工业产品和生活用品，更不应当只抓其眼前的物质功能。这样的继承，并非形式的抄袭或旧零件的排列组合，既有创作原理的继承与发展，又有形象的借鉴与创造。使设计既求神似，也不排斥某种程度、某一细节的形似，关键是根据地点、条件的需要。而“迁想妙得”，“迁想”是将自己的想象力深入到对象的形象中去，“妙得”是指把握对象的真正神情。② 中国传统文化博大精深，建筑文化也是同样。我们应不仅从形式的角度，而且从文化的深度来理解传统，譬如：属于第一层面的，传统建筑中古典美的屋顶、斗拱、柱廊的造型特征，诗文、书画与工艺结合的装修形式，以及各式门窗菱格、装饰纹样；第二层面的，庭院式布局的空间韵律、自然与建筑互补的环境设计，诗情画意、充满人文精神的造园艺术，形、数、画、方位的表象与隐喻的象征手法；第三层面的，“天人合一”的自然观和注重环境效应的“风水”思想，阴阳对立、互动、相应的哲学思维和“身、心、气”合一的养生观，等等。它们之中蕴含着丰富的内涵、深邃的哲理和智慧。③这些都阐明，传统对现代的价值还需要我们在新建筑的创作中去发掘，去感知。 因此，我们应当努力去寻找传统的现代价值，在保存和发扬其传统精华的同时，摒弃其落后的，不适应现代发展的东西，寻求传统建筑文化和现代发展的结合点，体现传统建筑文化尊天地、重人本、讲亲和的唯物辩证思想。弘扬传统建筑文化还可从传统建筑的设计原理、空间组合、构图手法、意念表达等方面有所启迪、有所继承和运用、有所发展创新，不断探索传统建筑思维与现代建筑思维、传统技术与现代技术、传统审美与现代审美意识的结合方式，把优秀的传统建筑文化结合到现代建筑文化之中。 注释 ①陈立旭都市文化与都市精神．东南大学出版社．2002 第142页 ②吴良镛，广义建筑学，清华大学出版社．1989，第65—66页 ③杨永生．建筑百家言，中国建筑工业出版社，1998． 第62页 仅供参考，请自借鉴希望对您有帮助
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