The British monarchyThe monarchy of theUnited Kingdom(commonly referred to as the British monarchy) is the constitutional monarchyof theUnited Kingdomand its overseas The British monarchy traces its origins from theKings of the Angles and the early Scottish K By the year 1000， the kingdoms ofEnglandandScotlandhad developed from the petty kingdoms of early medievalB Thelast Anglo-Saxon monarch (Harold II) was defeated and killed in the Normaninvasion of 1066 and the English monarchy passed to the Norman Inthe thirteenth century， the principality ofWaleswas absorbed byEngland，and Magna Carta began the process of reducing the political powers of From 1603， when the Scottish King James VI inherited the English throne asJames I， both kingdoms were ruled by a single From 1649 to 1660 thetradition of monarchy was broken by the republicanCommonwealthofEnglandthat followed the War of the Three K The Act of Settlement 1701， whichis still in force， excluded Roman Catholics， or those married to Catholics，from succession to the English In 1707 the kingdoms of England andScotland were merged to create the Kingdom of Great Britain and in 1801 theKingdom of Ireland joined to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain andI The British monarch became nominal head of the vastBritish Empire， which covered a quarter of the world's surface at itsgreatest extent in In the 1920s，five-sixths ofIrelandseceded from the Union as the Irish Free State， and the Balfour Declarationrecognised the evolution of the dominions of the empire into separate，self-governing countries within aCommonwealth of NAfter the Second World War， the vast majority of British colonies andterritories became independent， effectively bringing the empire to an George VI and his successor， Elizabeth II， adopted the title Head of theCommonwealth as a symbol of the free association of its independent The Commonwealthincludes both republics and At present fifteen other Commonwealthcountries share with theUnited Kingdomthe same person as their The terms British monarchy and British monarch are frequently still employed inreference to the person and institution shared amongst all sixteen of theCommonwealth realms，[ and to the distinct monarchies within each of theseindependent countries， often at variance with the different， specific， andofficial national titles and styles for each
Britain was the world's first country to establish constitutional monarchy， constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom are British "Glorious Revolution" and built At around the mid-13th century， nobles in the same King Henry III to win the struggle， the establishment of P 13 after the end of the century， the regular convening of Parliament， Members of the aristocracy， the public and the Knight of the benefits from all walks of life because of different， usually not with a meeting after the 14th century， gradually divided into upper and lower houses of Since then， the lower house of the power of expanding， 15 century， the lower house of the motion has been put forward financial and legal powers of the However， during this period the feudal nature of Parliament is still the representative body of the L The United Kingdom before and after the bourgeois revolution， the Parliament has become the representative of the bourgeoisie with the feudal forces in the struggle against Stuart political After the Glorious Revolution， Parliament passed one after another "bill of rights" and "the law of succession to the throne，" from a legal confirmation on the "parliamentary sovereignty" principle， to further restrict the Without the consent of Parliament， the King shall not be approved by law， the abolition of the law or the suspension of application of the law; and provides for the king must profess the Anglican Church， Catholics or Catholic marriage shall not inherit the 仅供参考
君主立宪制，或称“虚君共和”，是相对于君主独裁制的一种国家体制。君主立宪是在保留君主制的前提下，通过立宪，树立人民主权、限制君主权力、实现事实上的共和政体。其特点是国家元首是一位君主（皇帝、国王、大公等等，教皇有时也被看做是一个君主）。与其他国家元首不同的是，一般君主是终身制的，君主的地位从定义上就已经高于国家的其他公民（这是君主与一些其他元首如独裁者的一个区别，一般独裁者将自己定义为公民的一员，但出于客观需要他必须掌权为国家服务），往往君主属于一个特别的阶层（贵族），此外世袭制也往往是君主的一个特点（不过在这一点上也有例外）。 君主虽然是国家的元首，但君主的权利与产生的方式，会依各个国家的制度而不同；纵使是同一个国家，往往在不同时期，君主的产生方式与权利范围也各不相同。 Constitutional monarchy， or "virtual Republican Eagle，" are compared with the autocratic monarchy system of a national Constitutional monarchy are retained at the premise of the monarchy through the constitutional and establish the sovereignty of the people to limit the sovereign power， in fact achieve the republican form of Characterized by the Head of State is a monarch (emperor， king， the Grand Duke and so on， the Pope also sometimes be seen as a monarch) With other heads of state are different， most are on permanent and pensionable establishment of the monarchy， the monarchy's status from the definition has been higher than on other citizens of the country (This is the monarchy with a number of other heads of state such as the dictator of a distinction between the general definition of the dictator himself as a citizen， but an objective need for him to be in power for the National Service)， the monarchy often belong to a particular class (the aristocracy)， in addition to hereditary monarchy system tend to be a feature (although at this point also there is an exception) While monarchs are heads of state， but the sovereign rights and generated will be in accordance with each country's system are different; even if one and the same country， often at different times， the sovereign right to have a range of ways and
