“孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想。”用英文翻译是：Many thoughts of Confucius， especially educational 四级有关孔子翻译题：一、孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒 学(the Ru School)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和 宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教学上。冯友兰，中国思想史上20世纪伟大的的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影 响比作西方的苏格拉底。参考译文： Confucius was a thinker， political figure， educator， and founder of the Ru School of Chinese Confucianism， the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master K Fung You-lan， one of the great 20th century authorities on the history ofChinese thought， compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the W二、孔子(Confucius)是我国古代著 名的思想家、教育家，儒家学派(Confucian School)的创始人。相传孔子有弟子三千，贤弟子72人，孔子曾带领部分弟子周游列国14年。在中国五千年的历史上，对华夏民族的性格、气质 (temperament)产生最 大影响的人就算是孔子了。他正直、乐观向上、积极进取。他一生都在追求真、善、美，一生都在追求理想的社会。他品格中的优点，几千年来影响着中国人，特别是影响着中国的知识分子。参考翻译:ConfuciusConfucius is a famous ideologist， educator， and thefounder of Confucian School in ancient C It'ssaid he has 3，000 disciples， 72 out of whom areexcellent ones， and he has led some disciples to visitvarious states for 14 During 5，000 years' history of China， it's Confucius who has exertedthe greatest impact on Chinese nation's characteristic and He is upright，optimistic， active and enterprising， striving for truthfulness， kindness and beauty， andseeking for an ideal society all his The shining points in his characteristics have beeninfluencing the Chinese people， especially the Chinese intellectuals for thousands of 创始人:说思想、学派的创始人或奠基者，可以founder、creator或 originator来表达。弟子:译为disciple，当时的弟子多指门徒，而非当今的学生。周游列国:可译为visit various states 或者travelaround various states。 孔子生于春秋时期，那时的国家跟现在国家的概念是不一样的，那时的国家更适合译作state，而不是country，如“战国”应译作Warring States。积极进取:可译为active and enterprising，其中active意为“积极的”，enterprising意为“有进取心的”。真、善、美:应译为truthfulness， kindness， beauty。追求:文中两处用到“追求”，可以分别翻译为striving for和seeking for，以增加用词的变化，彰显语言功底。
Confucianist thought， also calls the Confucianism， also some peoplethought it is one kind of religion called it the Confucianism， refersto is the crown weddings and funerals offers a sacrifice to when thedepartment meter at first， got up from the Han Dynasty refers countryestablishes by Kong Zi the Spring and Autumn Period Lu afterwardsgradually develops take the kernel as the core Confucianist's theory abbreviation Confucianism， was the Chineseancient times mainstream consciousness school， since the Chinese inthe overwhelming majority historical period took Chinese the officialthought， until now also is the common Chinese people's mainstreamthought The Confucianist school of thought to China， EastAisa and even the world all has had the profound Afterpresents the Confucianism for official's study last dynasty QingDynasty empire is substituted by Republic of China， the Confucianistthought has received the external new cultural maximum limit impact，but after has been through repeatedly the many kinds of impacts， thecatastrophe and even the official political power attempts thoroughlyto eradicate the Confucianist thought， the Confucianist thought stillis the Chinese society common populace's core values， andrepresentative and national tradition mark which takes the Chineseculture in the Confucianist's thought and position The Confucianist thought refers is the Confucianist school ofthought thought， establishes by Spring and Autumn Period last stagethinker Kong Z Kong Zi establishes the Confucianist theory in thesummary， summarized and inherits the summer， business， Wednesdaygeneration reveres kisses a complete ideology which the traditionalculture in the foundation " Confucianist school of thoughtfounder Kong Zi has said: "States but does not do， the letter but isgood ancient" is own thought true The Confucianist philosophy pays great attention to person's owntutelage， must establish one kind of harmonious relations with theside Treats the elder to have to respect speaks Between the friend sincerely defends the credit， "keeps one's wordwith the friend junction" Must incorruptiblily love the people forthe Is the person to have the self-knowledge， the completelypart of ones duty matter， "the gentleman 务本， this stands but " The ruler wants the kind politics to love the people， "forthe politics by Germany， for example north 辰， occupies its butnumerous stars altogether " Treats other people to want theuniversal love， "young I young， and person Old I old， and theperson is " Treats the boss to want loyal /， "M the envoy bythe ritual， feudal official matter M by is " Treats theparents relative to have to be filial， "the parents in， not far ""Filial piety of the now， is says can As for the dog or horse，all can have raises; Disrespects， how leaves?" The respectknowledge， "the dynasty hears said that， the evening dies " Isgood at absorbing others' strong point， "sees a worthy person and beinspired to be likewise 焉， sees not not virtuously but in engages " Advocated the person must arrive the moral boundarywhich warm， good， 恭， is thrifty， Confucianist thought characteristic and status Confucianist thought different other The generalreligion， often tries hard a series universe， "nature"， "science" and"person"， "society" the question establishment in an individual isunder， but humanity to "nature"， "science" the understanding presentsthe condition which grows day after day， thus the past religion 设论unceasingly turned the error; In was unable at that time in some basicquestions which understood， each kind of religion made each kind Confucianist thought attention by no means "nature"，"science"， but is the person and the society， is the human eternaltopic， the Confucianist thought established in these eternal topicshad the eternal value the value Confucianism influence The Confucianism has several millenniums in China， regardingChina's politics， the economy and so on each aspect still has theprofound latent influence， this kind of influence cannot eliminate inthe short- The Confucianist thought always is the Han Nationalityand the Chinese other nationalities and so on the populace most basicmainstream "The ritual， righteousness， inexpensive， the shame，the kernel， the love， are loyal， the filial piety" the Confucianistthought basic values， they always are instruct the major part Chinesedaily behavior the basic consciousness The Chinese nationpoliteness friendly， gentle is upright and the earnest assiduousmakings， also is gradually forms under Confucianist's But also some people believed that， the Confucianism has neglectedperson's Week 思明 professor said that， "This pointlater will develop in the Song bright Neo-Confucianism more and Was the Confucianism passes through Dong Zhongshu to arriveSong clearly to turn taking care of study， the Neo-Confucianismafterwards arrived Ming and Qing Dynasties， turned the CThe always tendency is the humanities spirit is more and more light，more and more Human's own value is more and more neglectedand the suppression， then in the Ming Dynasty the later period，already some many scholars noted this question， for instance the kingwas bright and king's bright disciple king Gen trigram， liked likethis some scholars， liked the Li engagement gift public opposition，opposed right and wrong of take the Kong Zi as the right and wrong，they compared 犟 the accent to have to take person's self- " In the modern times， as a result of China's backwardness， faced withthe national subjugation and genocide realistic crisis， causes themajority knowledge individual contribution to be able not but toreconsider the reason which China falls behind， many intellectualsthought is the Confucianist thought creates Chinese the backwardaspect， proposed "overthrows the hole family store"
Confucianism， also known as Confucianism， it was also suggested that it is a religion known as Confucianism， Initially referring to the funeral， festival to crown the ceremony， Since the Han Dynasty played by a Confucius Chunqiu Most founded the gradual development of a charge of the core Confucian doctrine called Confucianism of ancient Chinese awareness of mainstream schools， Since the Han majority since the period of history as China's official ideology， Chinese is now the general mainstream ideological Confucian school of China， East Asia and the whole world have had a far-reaching Cultures most of the last Qing Dynasty Empire was replaced in the future， Confucian ideas of alien culture to maximize the impact， but the experienced multiple shocks， Holocaust and the official government attempts to eradicate the Confucian thinking， Confucian thinking is still the general public the core values and in the world as a representative of the Chinese culture and national traditions Confucian thoughts and ideas of Confucianism refers to the Confucian school of thought， by the end of the Spring and Autumn thinker Confucius Confucius founded the Confucian doctrine in summing up and inherited the Xia， Shang and Chou dynasties Respect kissed traditional culture formed on the basis of a complete ideological "The founder of the Confucian school of Confucius said :" Narrative H Ancient good letter "is their ideological Confucian philosophy focus on the self-cultivation， with the people around him to establish a harmonious treated to respect elders friends with a sincere and trustworthy， "with his friends keep their " official who love to It is important in life， do homework， "the gentleman of the Treasury， Benli and " Loving benevolent rulers， "as the government by virtue， for example， Tien， ranking it but also a symbol of power and " Treat other people to love， "David I David， and David's Need to look after the elderly and old " Supervisors to treat loyal /， "Monarch envoy to the ceremony， Robinson serving as " Treat relatives to obey their parents， "parents， not to seek their "" Today's Howard， is that he could As for the shot， promises to have Disrespectful， why not " Respect for knowledge， "hear， the eve of death ， "To draw on the strength of others， Rites" no-see-examination and also "Promote people to go to warm， very good， respectful， thrifty， Let the moral Confucian thinking of the characteristics and status of Confucian thinking different other General religion， often trying to unified universe， the "natural"， "scientific" and "person"， "social" issues in the establishment of a system， Human right "natural" and "science" of showing growing state， over the past based on religion continue to become a fallacy; at the time could not understand some basic issues， various religions， a variety of Confucian thinking concern is not "natural"， "science"， but human and social， is the eternal topic， in the eternal issue of Confucian thought has established a permanent value system of Confucianism of Confucianism in China deposit several thousand years， China's political， economic and other aspects remain profound potential impact impact in the short term will not go Confucian thought has been the Han Chinese and other ethnic groups， such as people of the most basic value of the mainstream "propriety， justice， honesty and sense of shame， benevolence， love， loyalty， filial piety，" the basic values of Confucianism， They have been guiding the majority of the Chinese people the basic day-to-day awareness of the Chinese polite， friendly and Confucius thick and serious grilling temperament， as well as the classes in Confucian gradually taken However， some people think， Confucianism overlook the human Professor Zhou Si-ming said : "This point in the future development of Neo-Confucianism increasingly Confucianism is after Dong Zhongshu of the Neo into a physical， physical later in the Ming and Qing Dynasties， has become a The general trend is the humanistic spirit increasingly weak， increasingly The values are increasingly neglected and suppressed， and then in the late Ming D Many scholars have noted this problem， such as Wang Yang-ming and Wang Gen Wang Yangming's disciples， such as academics， Like Li Zhi openly oppose a religion is right and wrong as right and wrong， and they are more stubborn emphasize the need to focus on human self- "In modern times， China's backward， facing the reality of national subjugation and genocide crisis， make most intellectuals have to reflect on the reasons behind China， Many intellectuals Confucian thinking is that the cause of China's backwardness， "Down with C" 用文星查的 我查的，累死了
