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英语论文阅读标记

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近几年高考英语阅读理解题所选材料的题材、体裁多样,主要取材于英文原版书籍,语言地道、内容新颖,文化意味浓厚,试题设计均重语篇理解。   (一) 近几年高考英语阅读理解测试新动向    阅读的词汇量增加,越来越强调提高阅读速度   近年来,高考阅读理解部分的阅读总词量一直保持着递增的趋势,这就意味着考生要在有限的时间内完成文章的阅读,必须提高阅读速度。    文章的生词量增多   文章的生词量增多,主要表现在由构词法产生的新词和教学大纲不作要求的生词增多。这就导致阅读材料文字难度增大,考生往往要反复几遍才能读懂。再加之材料行文表达使用比较正式的语言,结构复杂的长句及省略和插入语等较复杂的语言现象在文章中随处可见。这不仅减慢了阅读速度,而且也影响了考生根据文章内容去进行推理和判断。    选材面宽,贴近生活,保持原汁原味   近几年的高考阅读文章选材更贴近生活实际、更富有时代气息,题材新颖,包括故事、传记、人物、传说、生活常识、社会文化、天文、史地、科普知识、政治、经济及名人逸事等。体裁也不一,有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等。而且文章多是属于原汁原味的文章,其中文章习语用得较多,涉及英美人的文化生活习惯。    深层理解及推理判断型题持续增加   一篇文章围绕一个中心,或者是某一话题展开,文中绝大部分的篇幅都围绕这个主题来说明它,反映它。弄清细节,获取信息是正确把握主旨中心的前提。在以往的高考试题中,往往掌握文中细节的直接理解的题目在试题中所占比例较大。但在近些年的高考试题中这类题目已明显减少,而推理、判断、综合类试题大大增加了。要求考生能从字里行间理解文章的深层含义,即作者的态度、意图、倾向等,而且能把握全篇的文脉,即句与句、段与段之间的关系,并且能据此进行合乎逻辑的推理和判断。   (二)高考对考生的阅读理解能力的要求    掌握所读材料的主旨大意,以及用以说明主旨大意的材料和细节。    既理解具体的事实,也理解抽象的概念。    既理解字面的意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度、意图等。    既理解某句、某段的意义,也理解全篇的逻辑关系,并据此进行推理和判断。    既能根据材料所提供的信息,也能结合中学生应有的常识去正确判断生词和短语的含义。   (三) 近几年高考阅读的主要考点   高考阅读题通常分为两大类:客观性理解试题,即考查短文大意的试题,事实细节描述题,短文、句子、短语、单词意义理解题;主观性试题,即通过阅读文章,对文章的中心思想、立意主旨、作者观点、态度等有更深入的理解。一般说来,高考阅读理解对考生的测试角度表现在以下几个方面:    猜测词义   这类题要求考生能根据上下文正确理解灵活多变的词义。在做这类题时,应对上下文中已知部分进行逻辑上的推理,必要时还要进行语法分析,尤其是词与词之间的关系,有时还要依据常识和经验进行猜测。    理解主旨大意   一篇文章通常是围绕着一个中心思想展开的。阅读时,我们不可忽视短文中开头和结尾的段落或句子的含义。因为它们往往是文章中心的概括和总结。对于没有明显主题句的文章段落要根据文段中所陈述的事实或提供的线索加以概括总结,从而判断出四个选项中哪一个为最佳选择,说明了文章的中心。    推理判断   这类题要求考生能通过文章表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思,要求考生对文章的情节发展,以及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的推理和判断。    对文章的细节理解    数据推算

英语论文阅读标记

282 评论(13)

a9167302

这里很详细-an-OutlineChoose your outline's Each entry in an outline can either be a word or short phrase without punctuation (a topic outline) or a full sentence with punctuation (a sentence outline) There are advantages to both, but the important thing is that you choose one and stay consistent throughout the Outlines can also be in either Roman number--letter--number form or they can be in decimal Again choose one, and be Write down your main In general, you write your thesis statement at the top of the outline and omit any introduction and conclusion (although in longer papers these may be long enough to warrant inclusion in the outline) The outline thus covers only the body of the work, the information that supports the Decide on your main The main categories are key points of your thesis, the main divisions of your For example, in a basic wikiHow article, the main categories might be "Steps," "Tips," and "W" For a novel, each chapter might be a main category, or you might divide the story into its exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and Put your main categories in logical List the main categories in the order you want them in your This may be chronological or thematical, but it should make Label each main category with a Roman numeral ( "I", "II", "III", ) for a Roman numeral-letter-number outline Label each main category with a number ( "0", "0", "0," ) for a decimal Note there are periods after each label in a Roman numeral outline but not in a decimal Fill in the subcategories for each main Each main category of the paper may be composed of several Each subcategory typically correlates to one paragraph within your paper, but in a long paper or a novel each subcategory may include many For example, in this article, subcategories might be the bolded sentence for each Indent several spaces (typically 5), and write down only a short word or phrase (for a topic outline) or a brief sentence (for a sentence outline) to describe the main idea of each Label each subcategory as a letter ("A" "B", "C", ) in a Roman number Under main category "I" you will have one set of letters, and then your will start again at "A" for the first subcategory of each subsequent main Label each subcategory as a decimal in a decimal Thus for main category "" the first subcategory would be "1", and the next would be "2" The first subcategory under main category 2 would be "1" and so Fill in the tertiary categories or Within each sub-category, list and arrange your specific notes to support or expand the argument or point made on that The tertiary (third-level) categories will often correlate to the order of sentences in each paragraph since each tertiary category should correlate to a distinct point or idea, such as these:Indent each tertiary category several spaces from the beginning of each For Roman numeral outlines, label each tertiary category as a So you would have "", "", "", For decimal outlines, label each tertiary category as a decimal with two decimal Thus, "1", "2", "1", Continue adding smaller divisions as While tertiary categories often correspond to individual sentences, many outlines will require smaller For example, you may have one supporting sentence (tertiary category) that is then followed by three sentences giving three specific examples of the point you made in the that These example sentences do not deserve their own tertiary categories because they don't make a new point--they just support the supporting Thus you can break them down under that tertiary category as "", "", and "" or as "1," "2," and "3" You can make even smaller divisions if Write your You should easily be able to write your paper with the completed outline in front of You may only need to add transitions and connecting words, since all of your points and evidence will already be in their correct places in the
160 评论(15)

牛滚滚

你的老师是在培养你们怎样进行阅读和写作通过阅读,自己要有概括的能力,这就是老师要求的outline,即读过东西后,自己用语言把主要内容或者大意概括出来,当然这可以是文中的重点语句。然后,围绕这些要点,再展开来评论,就是书评,或者读书心得,多练习,自然就会了。其实,如果你老师给你讲过英语写作,一般是比较八股的,只要你会了,差不多东西都一样,先总,后分,然后再综述,大致就是些,如果是议论,要给出论据,来支持你的论点等等。总之,英语比中文写作交易得多,只要你有足够的句子和英语基础。
316 评论(9)

luxj2001

1 引用文献的基本格式引文基本格式的两种情况:第一种情况是把文献作者作为句子的一部分 (通常作主语), 我们把它叫做 “格式1”; 第二种情况是把作者的姓放在括弧里, 我们把它叫做 “格式2”。在同一篇论文中, 最好统一使用一种格式。1 格式1格式1的基本做法是把作者的姓 (Family name)作为句子的一部分 (通常作主语), 随后用括弧标出所引用文献的出版年代。比如:Long (1991) argues that without this, outcomes such as those from immersion education are likely to occur, with a lack of sustained 2 格式2格式2的基本做法是, 把作者的姓、出版年代以及页码均放在括弧里, 出版年代紧随作者的姓, 之后是页码。比如:This approach tends to assume an automatisation or practice view of learning (Bruton 2002)在同一篇论文中格式要统一。要么都采用冒号加页码的格式, 要么都使用逗号加/的格式,不能交替使用。在直接引用文献时, 如所引用的内容较长(一般超过50单词), 则应该另起一段, 左缩进两个字符。2 转引的格式所谓转引, 是指论文作者并没有看到某个文献的原始出版物, 而是在另外一个文献中看到的。3 如何引用中文文献在用英文撰写论文的过程中,如果要引用中文文献,要将引用的中文部分、作者以及出版物的信息翻译成英文,然后按英文论文的引文格式引用。在英文论文中引用中文文献时不能写作者的全名(如Hu Zhuanglin, 1994),也不能直接用中文(如胡壮麟, 1994或胡, 1994)。在参考书目中,首先提供英文信息,并在文献名称后面加上(In Chinese), 表示该文献是用中文写的。4 关于引文的其他注意事项1 关于重复引用。在同一段落中, 连续两次或两次以上引用同一文献时(中间没有引用其他的文献), 从第二次开始, 不重复文献作者的姓和出版年代, 而是用代替。2 有时论文中不是直接或间接引用文献, 而只是为了描述或介绍研究现状而提及某些文献, 往往同时提及多种文献。3 在同一处提及一个作者不同年代的文献时, 可在括弧中列出若干个年代, 用逗号隔开, 按时间顺序排列。
215 评论(8)

hjlzhgy

V Thesis Outline:I I                    II On Developing English Reading Skills in Junior High S                                      Current Situation and Problems of Junior High School Students in English R Reasons of Currents Problems in English RⅢ Ways to develop Students’ English Reading S Developing Students’ Reading H Specific Measures in developing Reading S1 Broadening Students’ V2 Improving Students’ Reading I3 Training Students’ Reading Speed While R4 Choose Proper Reading Materials and SⅣ Extending Students’ Eye Shot in Extracurricular RⅤ C扩展资料定义和用法注释:轮廓线不会占据空间,也不一定是矩形。outline 简写属性在一个声明中设置所有的轮廓属性。可以按顺序设置如下属性:outline-coloroutline-styleoutline-width如果不设置其中的某个值,也不会出问题,比如outline:solid #ff0000也是允许的。默认值:invert none 继承性:版本:CSSJavaScript 语法:utline="#0000FF dotted thin"参考资料:百度百科-outline
193 评论(13)

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