1 总述 开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题，并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法、必要的数据等等。 2 提纲 开题报告包含的论文提纲可以是粗线条的，是一个研究构想的基本框架。可采用整句式或整段式提纲形式。在开题阶段，提纲的目的是让人清楚论文的基本框架，没有必要像论文目录那样详细。 3 参考文献 开题报告中应包括相关参考文献的目录 4 要求 开题报告应有封面页，总页数应不少于4页。版面格式应符合以下第3部分第2）项“格式”的规定。 开 题 报 告 学 生： 一、 选题意义 1、 理论意义 2、 现实意义 二、 论文综述 1、 理论的渊源及演进过程 2、 国外有关研究的综述 3、 国内研究的综述 4、 本人对以上综述的评价 三、 论文提纲 前言、 一、 1、 2、 3、 二、 1、 2、 3、 三、 1、 2、 3、 结论 四、论文写作进度安排 毕业论文开题报告提纲 一、开题报告封面：论文题目、系别、专业、年级、姓名、导师 二、目的意义和国内外研究概况 三、论文的理论依据、研究方法、研究内容 四、研究条件和可能存在的问题 五、预期的结果 六、进度安排 七、教研室可行性论证结论 附“主文”范例（由于有些导师要求英文，有些要求中文，所以双层提供）： Hamlet， Prince of Denmark 王子复仇记 This is the sad story of Hamlet， young Prince of Denmark， whose father died two months before the story Hamlet' s father was King of Denmark and Hamlet was his only The king died a strange death while he was sleeping in the garden of his It was believed that he had been bitten to death by a poisonous He was such a wise and kind king that he was loved by all the people in the His son， Hamlet， of course， loved him far more than anyone else in the Hamlet was so sad and sorrowful that he never stopped wearing black There was something else which made Hamlet even His mother， Gertrude， married Hamlet' s uncle， Claudius， who was a brother of the late After Hamlet' s father died， Claudius became King of Denmark and married G Young Hamlet did not like him because he was not as wise and kind as his He was a man of unkindly Hamlet did not in the least want his mother to marry such a He became angry with both of them and came to despise his mother as well as his 这是讲述年轻丹麦王子哈姆雷特的悲伤故事，他的父亲在故事开始前两个月去世。哈姆雷特的父亲是丹麦国王，而哈姆雷特则是他的独生子。国王在城堡的花园中睡觉时突然离奇地死去，大家都认为他是被一条毒蛇给咬死的。他是一位睿智仁慈的国王，因此全国人民都很爱戴他。当然，国王的儿子哈姆雷特要比世上的任何人更爱他。 哈姆雷特很伤心难过，因此他一直穿着黑色的丧服。另外还有一件令哈姆雷特更加伤心的事，那就是他的母亲葛楚德嫁给哈姆雷特的叔叔克劳迪斯，也就是已故国王的弟弟。在哈姆雷特的父亲去世之后，克劳迪斯成为丹麦的国王并且取了葛楚德。年轻的哈姆雷特并不喜欢他的叔叔，因为他不像自己的父亲那么睿智仁慈，他是一个本性无情的人。哈姆雷特一点也不愿意他的母亲嫁给这种男人。他对他们俩感到非常气愤，因而看不起他的母亲和叔叔。 The bell of the castle was It was exactly Suddenly a ghost in the form of the late king appeared in the It looked pale and Looking at the ghost， the two guards of the castle and Horatio， Hamlet' s best friend， were surprised and They wondered if something bad was going to happen in D They decided to tell their prince what they had seen The next day they went to Hamlet and told him that they had seen the ghost of King H Hamlet doubted it at first， but wanted to make sure He asked them to take him to see the ghost that They Late at night Hamlet， Horatio and one of the guards went to the top of the It was very cold and dark Some time after they got there， the ghost in armor suddenly appeared out of the As his friends had told him， Hamlet saw that the ghost was exactly like his dead He called out， "King， Father! Why did you come here out of the grave?" The ghost did not answer him， but looked at him sadly and made a sign for him to His friends did not want to let Hamlet follow the ghost because they thought it might be an evil spirit and do something badto But he did follow the While Hamlet and the ghost walked away into the darkness， his friends had to wait anxiously there worrying about his safe return At the end of the walls of the castle the ghost stopped and began to talk to Hamlet， "I am the ghost of your I wanted to rule Denmark peacefully until you grew up and became king after But two months ago， while I was sleeping in the beautiful garden of the castle， my brother Claudius came and put poison into my I was instantly Hamlet! Be brave and kill him for But never kill or hurt my wife， for she is your Let her repent for what she has That is enough for What I have told you is I tell you I was not killed by a poisonous snake， but by my brother C Never forget what I have told you， my dear Good-bye， Hamlet!" Then the ghost disappeared into the mist of the dark Upon hearing this， Hamlet became excited and was even more furious with Claudius and his He made up his mind to kill his uncle and let his mother repent for her 城堡里的钟声响起，此刻正是午夜。突然间一个外形很像已故国王的鬼魂在暗处出现。它的脸色看起来很苍白、悲伤。城堡的两个卫兵和哈姆雷特的挚友荷瑞修看到这鬼魂时，感到非常吃惊害怕。他们怀疑是否有不祥的事会在丹麦发生。他们决定把亲眼看到的事告诉王子。 隔天，他们去见哈姆雷特并且告诉他，他们曾看见过哈姆雷特国王的鬼魂。哈姆雷特起先对这件事感到怀疑，但他想要亲自去证实这件事。他要他们当晚带他去看那个鬼魂，他们同意了。深夜，哈姆雷特，荷瑞修和一名守卫三人来到城墙顶，那里非常寒冷、阴暗，就在他们到达后不久，这个身穿盔甲的鬼魂突然从黑暗之中出现。哈姆雷特看到这个鬼魂跟他死去的父亲简直一模一样，就如他的朋友告诉他的。 他大声地叫:“国王，我的父亲！您为什么离开坟墓到这里来？”鬼魂没有回答他的话，但却很悲伤地看着他，并对他做了个手势，示意他跟着它去。哈姆雷特的朋友不想让他跟着鬼魂走，因为他们认为它可能是邪恶的鬼魂，而且会对他不利。但是哈姆雷特仍然跟着鬼魂而去。当哈姆雷特和鬼魂离去走入黑暗之中时，他的朋友们只得在那儿焦虑地等待并担忧他能否平安地回来。 在城墙的尽头，鬼魂停下脚步，开始对哈姆雷特说：“我是你父亲的鬼魂，我本想和平地统治丹麦直到你长大成人继承我的王位。但是两个月前，当我在城堡里美丽的花园中睡觉时，我的弟弟克劳迪斯走到我身边把毒药塞入我的一只耳朵里。我立即就被他毒死了。哈姆雷特！勇敢点替我杀了他，但是绝不要杀害或伤害我的妻子，因为他是你的母亲。让她去为她所做的事后悔，这对她来说已经够了。我所告诉你的都是事实。我再告诉你一遍，我不是被毒蛇咬死的，而是被我的弟弟克劳迪斯害死的。一定要记住我告诉你的事，我亲爱的儿子，再见了，哈姆雷特。” 然后鬼魂在满布雾气的夜空中消失不见。哈姆雷特一听到这个秘密，显得激动万分并对克劳迪斯和他的母亲更加愤恨不已。他决定要杀死他的叔叔并让他的母亲为她的罪行忏悔。 Hamlet' s friends were anxious about him and came to look for They found Hamlet kneeling down and looking up at the dark sky praying to G Hamlet noticed them coming to He stood up and sincerely asked them not to tell anyone what had happened that They all agreed and made a firm promise not to tell anyone about it， swearing on Hamlet' s That very night Hamlet decided to pretend that he had gone mad in order to have a better chance to kill C He decided not to tell his plan to any of his friends except Horatio Since Hamlet saw the ghost， he had often thought of his dead father and of his promise to the He became sadder each He was not a young， merry prince as he used to Before his father' s death， he was interested in many things， such as books， art， music and But now he gave them all To everyone， he seemed to act very He became rude to everyone in the castle and behaved like a mad He hardly ever spoke to Ophelia ， a beautiful lady whom he had deeply Before， they would talk happily and take walks in the woods near the He would talk to her so sweetly and gently that Ophelia was deeply in love with But now he was quite Therefore， Polonius， Ophelia' s father， did not want his daughter to love Hamlet anymore because of his strange 哈姆雷特的朋友们很担心他的安危就来寻找他，他们发现哈姆雷特跪在地上，望着黑暗的天空向上帝祈祷。哈姆雷特注意到他们来了，便站了起来，很诚挚地要求他们不要把当晚发生的事告诉任何人。他们全都答应了，并且对着哈姆雷特的剑发誓，许下坚定的承诺绝不把这件事告诉任何人。 就在那天晚上，哈姆雷特决定装疯以便有更好的机会去杀克劳迪斯。除了荷瑞修之外，他决定不把他的计划告诉他的任何朋友。 自从哈姆雷特见过父亲的鬼魂后，他常常想到亡父以及他对鬼魂所做的承诺。他一天比一天更加悲伤，已经不再像是从前那位年轻、快乐的王子了。在他父亲去世之前，他对很多事情都有兴趣，例如读书、艺术、音乐和戏剧。但是现在他把那些兴趣都放弃了。对每个人来说，他的行为举止似乎非常怪异。他对城堡中的每个人都很粗暴，言行举止像个疯子一样。 他几乎不曾跟他深爱的美丽的欧菲莉亚说过话。以前，他们会在离城堡不远的树林里散步，愉快地谈心。他会很甜蜜很温柔地跟她说话，因而欧菲莉亚深爱着他，但是如今他变了很多。因此，欧菲莉亚的父亲普罗尼尔斯因为哈姆雷特怪异的行为举止而不希望他的女儿再爱他。 One day Hamlet came to Ophelia， who was knitting in her room， and spoke wildly to He appeared half-naked， wearing a dirty shirt with no hat on his She gave back all the letters and valuable rings that she had received from H "I will not meet you anymore，" she said to Hamlet left her， feeling even more She told her father everything that had occurred in her When Polonius heard this from his daughter， he believed he knew what had made Hamlet go He thought that Hamlet had gone mad because of his love for Ophelia Polonius went to Claudius and Gertrude to let them know what caused Hamlet's He told them that the love affair between Hamlet and Ophelia was the true cause of his Claudius always doubted what he heard from his He commanded two men who used to be Hamlet' s friends when they were children to find out the true reason why he had been acting so strangely He also asked Polonius to arrange an unexpected meeting of the two lovers so that they could carefully observe Hamlet' s 有一天，哈姆雷特来找正在房内编织的欧菲莉亚，并且粗鲁蛮横地跟她说话。他穿着一件脏衬衫，没有戴帽子，半裸地出现在她面前。她还给他从他那儿收到的所有信件和珍贵的戒指。 “我不想再看到你，”她对他说。哈姆雷特离开了他，内心感到更加痛苦。 欧菲莉亚把在房内发生的一切事情告诉他的父亲。当普罗尼尔斯从她女儿口中听到这件事时，他相信他知道是什么原因使得哈姆雷特发疯。他认为哈姆雷特是因为爱欧菲莉亚才发疯的。普罗尼尔斯去见克劳迪斯和葛楚德，让他们知道造成哈姆雷特发疯的原因。普罗尼尔斯禀告他们，哈姆雷特和欧菲莉亚之间的爱情才是哈姆雷特发疯的真正原因。 克劳迪斯总是怀疑从他的手下那边听来的消息。他命令小时候曾经是哈姆雷特的朋友的两名手下去找出为什么哈姆雷特最近行为这么怪异的真正原因。他也要求普罗尼尔斯去为这对情人安排一次意外的相会，以便他们能够仔细观察哈姆雷特的举止表现。 Hamlet' s two old friends met him when he was saying some strange things to himself alone in the hall of the They begged him to tell them the true cause of his But he would not tell them anything， and instead made fools of One day when Hamlet was unhappy and worried by the memory of the ghost and the promise he had made， a group of actors came to visit They were the same players that Hamlet used to enjoy He welcomed Then they acted a short play for It was a sad story about a good king who was poisoned to death by his And this man became king and married the They played it so well， with tears in their eyes， that the scene seemed While Hamlet was watching them， he felt very angry with He said to himself， "Those players can cry for the sad king whom they have never But in my case I have done nothing at all for my poor father who was killed by my uncle C What a coward I am!" When the play was over， he thought of a good He decided to have them play it once again in front of the king and queen the next He also asked them to add a few lines of his own to the play so that he could make the play more like what had happened to his Hamlet said to himself， "If Claudius is really guilty， his face will turn pale while he is watching the Then I will know that what the ghost told me is I will watch his face very " 哈姆雷特的两位老友见到他时，他正独自一个人在城堡里胡言乱语。他们请求他告诉他们他发疯的真正原因，但是他非但没有告诉他们，反而还捉弄他们。 有一天，当哈姆雷特想到父亲的鬼魂和他对鬼魂所做的承诺而显得郁郁寡欢和忧虑时，一群演员来看他。他们是哈姆雷特以前喜爱观赏的同一群演员。哈姆雷特欢迎他们的到来，接着他们为他表演一出短剧。 那是叙述一位好国王被他的弟弟毒死的悲伤故事。他的弟弟后来当了国王并且娶了皇后。他们含泪演出表演得真好，以致于这一幕戏好像是真的一样。当哈姆雷特看着他们表演的时候，他对自己感到非常的生气。他对自己说：“那些演员可以为这个他们从没见过面的悲哀的国王而哭泣，而以我的立场，我却没有为被我叔叔克劳迪斯杀死的可怜的父亲尽过任何力。我真是一个懦夫！” 这出戏结束时，他想到了一个好计划。他决定要他们隔天在国王和皇后面前再表演一次，他也要求他们在剧中加一些他自己想的台词，以使这出戏更像发生在他父亲身上的事。哈姆雷特对自己说：“假如克劳迪斯真的有罪，当他在观赏这出戏时，他的脸将会变得苍白。那个时候我就会相信鬼魂告诉我的事是真的，我会非常仔细地注意他脸上的表情。” He told his plan to Horatio， his best friend in the castle， and also asked him to watch the king' s face with the greatest Hamlet went to the king and queen to tell them that he would like to invite them to a play the next They agreed to see the They hoped that Hamlet was at last getting better and would come to accept them as his father and He said good night to Claudius and Gertrude， pretending that he was happy that On his way back to his own room， he met Ophelia， who looked so sad and unhappy in the The king and Polonius were hiding behind the curtains of the hall， trying to listen to their Hamlet said to Ophelia， "I don' t love you We are all dirty animals on this Ophelia， you are one of these dirty ones， Go to a Go away right now， you dirty woman!" Ophelia was too surprised at his words to say anything to It was such a strange and mad thing to Polonius thought his guess was But the king still doubted Hamlet' s The king， the queen and Polonius entered a large room where the play was to be shown to the whole The king sat with the Hamlet sat by the side of O Horatio sat facing the king in order to watch him 他把他的计划告诉在城堡内的挚友荷瑞修，也要他很仔细地注意国王脸上的表情。 哈姆雷特去见国王和皇后，告诉他们他想邀请他们隔天晚上去欣赏戏剧。他们同意去看这出戏。他们希望哈姆雷特的病情终于能好转起来，并能渐渐接受他们做他的父母亲。哈姆雷特向克劳迪斯和葛楚德说晚安，那天晚上并装出很愉快的样子。 在回到他房间的路上，他在大厅遇到欧菲莉亚，她看起来既伤心又难过。国王和普罗尼尔斯躲在大厅的窗帘后面，设法要听到他们在说些什么。 哈姆雷特对欧菲莉亚说：“我不再爱你了。我们都是世上卑劣的动物。欧菲莉亚，你也是其中之一，去女修道院，现在就去，你这卑劣的女人。” 欧菲莉亚对于他所说的话大感吃惊，以致于搭不上他的话。说出这样的字眼真是荒诞疯狂。普罗尼尔斯认为他的猜测是正确的。但是国王仍旧对哈姆雷特发疯一事感到怀疑。 国王、皇后和普罗尼尔斯走进一间大房间，这出戏即将在这里表演给整个宫廷的人欣赏。国王和皇后坐在一起，哈姆雷特从在欧菲莉亚的旁边，荷瑞修面对国王坐下来为了能仔细地注意他。 The play In the play the king and queen were talking on the bench in the beautiful The queen said to the king， "I will love you I will never marry another man if you should die before Only women that kill their husbands marry " The king in the play was very glad to hear As the king fell asleep， the queen left him Just after she left， the king's brother came near the sleeping king and poured a deadly poison into his He was soon killed by this cunning brother who had long wanted to become king and marry the Seeing this scene， Claudius turned pale and became very He shouted， "Stop the play at " He stood up and went out of the room with the Horatio and Hamlet saw the king show every sign of fear and Hamlet was now quite sure that the ghost had told him the He himself became excited and firmly decided to revenge his father as soon as he When the queen came back into her room， she was very worried about her son， who had made the king She wanted to know why Hamlet asked the group of players to show such a disgraceful play before the She sent for H这出戏开始演出了。戏里的国王和皇后正坐在美丽的花园里的长椅上聊天。皇后对国王说：“我永远爱你！万一你比我先死的话，我决不会再嫁给其他的男人。只有杀死他们丈夫的女人才会再嫁。”戏中的国王听到这席话很高兴。国王睡着时，皇后留下他独自一人。就在皇后离去之后，国王的弟弟靠近熟睡中的国王，把致命的毒药倒入耳朵里面。国王很快就被这个长久以来一直渴望成为国王并且娶到皇后的狡猾的弟弟毒死。 克劳迪斯一看到这幕戏，脸色变得苍白，而且感到非常愤怒。他大声叫喊：“立刻停演。”他站起来跟皇后走出这个房间。 荷瑞修和哈姆雷特看到国王显露出种种害怕、愤怒的迹象。哈姆雷特此时十分确信鬼魂告诉他的真相。他本人显得很激动，并下定决定要尽快替他父亲报仇。皇后回到他的房间里时，很为激怒国王的儿子担忧。她想知道为什么哈姆雷特要这群演员在国王面前表演这么可耻的戏剧。她派人去请哈姆雷特过来。 Hamlet hurriedly walked to her room where she was uneasily waiting for On the way to his mother' s room， Hamlet saw Claudius kneeling down to pray in his He thought he could kill him right But he did not do He said to himself， "If I kill him when he is praying to God， he will not go to I had better kill him when he is angry or doing something Then he is sure to go to " So he stopped thinking of killing Claudius for the Hamlet did not know that the doubting king had commanded Polonius to hide behind the curtains in the queen' s room so that he could see what might happen As soon as Hamlet came into her room， his mother began to scold him for what he had done to the She said angrily， "You have made your father very You must beg his " Hamlet would not listen to her， but answered He said， "It is you who are to You married that unkind and unkingly uncle of mine so soon after my father' s You should be ashamed of your I will never accept him as my He does not deserve to be King of D I will tell you It is not I but you and that dirty Claudius that should " 哈姆雷特匆忙地走向她的房间，那时她正在房间内不安地等候他。在去他母亲房间的路上，哈姆雷特看到克劳迪斯跪在他的房间内祷告。他心想他现在可以杀了克劳迪斯，但是他并没有这样做。他对自己说：“我若在他向上帝祷告的时候杀了他，他将不会下地狱。我最好在他生气或是做错事的时候杀他，这样他就一定会下地狱。” 于是他此刻先抛开想杀克劳迪斯的念头。 哈姆雷特不知道这位疑心的国王早已命令普罗尼尔斯躲在皇后房内的窗帘后面，以便他能看到那里可能发生的事。哈姆雷特一走进她的房间，他的母亲就为他对国王所做的事开始责骂他。她很生气地说：“你激怒了你的父亲，你必须去请求他原谅你。” 哈姆雷特不听她的话，反而顶嘴说：“该受责备的是你。你在我父亲去世后这么快就嫁给我那个心怀不仁、不配当国王的叔叔。你才应该为你的行为感到羞耻。我绝不接受他做我的父亲。他没有资格当丹麦的国王。我再告诉你一遍，该忏悔的不是我，而是你和那个卑劣的克劳迪斯。”
