Strategic management is the conduct of drafting，implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term It is the process of specifying the organization's mission，vision and objectives，developing policies and plans，often in terms of projects and programs，which are designed to achieve these objectives，and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans，projects and A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards Strategic management is a level of managerial activity under setting goals and over TStrategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization S
加入WTO是我国深化改革、扩大开放和建立社会主义市场经济体制的内在要求，是我国经济发展的需要。以发展中国家身份加入WTO，对我国经济发展有利有弊，但总的看，利大于弊。有利于进一步扩大出口和吸引外资。加入WTO后，我国将享受成员国拥有的最惠国待遇。这不仅能享受其他国家和地区开放市场的好处，使主要贸易大国对我国的歧视性做法逐步取消，而且会使我国产品拥有比过去更为有利的竞争条件，从而可以促进我国出口贸易特别是我国具有比较优势产业出口的发展。加入WTO后，我国要履行WTO规定的义务，逐步开放国内市场，这将进一步改善外商投资环境，增强我国市场对外商的吸引力，有利于更多地引进外国资本、技术和管理经验。有利于加快国内产业结构的调整和优化。产业结构的调整和优化是我国经济发展的一项重要而紧迫的任务。加入WTO，将为实施这一战略任务营造一个有利的国际环境。通过WTO其他成员方对我国开放市场，可以将我国一些长线产品和产业转移出去；通过我国对其他成员方开放市场，可以利用外国资金、技术改造我国传统产业，加快高新技术产业和服务业的发展，提升我国产业发展的整体水平。有利于继续深化我国经济体制改革。世贸组织的规则实质上是市场经济规则在世界范围内的运用和发展。我国经济体制改革的目标是建立社会主义市场经济体制，它的基本要求是充分发挥市场竞争机制的作用。加入世贸组织，将会推动我国改革的进程。同时，将推动国有企业改革，建立现代企业制度；还将推动外贸、银行、保险、证券、商业等方面深化体制改革，以适应这些领域逐步开放的需要。有利于我国参与国际贸易新规则的制定，维护我国的正当权益，提升我国的国际地位。我国作为联合国常任理事国、世界银行和国际货币基金组织的成员，加入WTO，参与多边贸易规则的制定，可以充分表达和反映我国和广大发展中国家的意见和要求，进一步发挥我国在国际经济事务中的作用，提高我国的国际地位。同时，我国还可以利用多边争端解决机制，减少与其他国家发生正面摩擦和冲突，有效维护我国的正当权益。有利于中国参与世界经济全球化进程。经济全球化是不可避免的历史潮流，而经济全球化对发展中国家来说，既有机遇，也有严峻的挑战。为了适应经济全球化的新形势，我们需要寻求稳定、透明、可预见的多边贸易机制的保障，在参与经济全球化过程中更好地趋利避害，保护和壮大自己。加入WTO，我国与其他成员方均须严格按照国际规则办事，相互开放市场。这将有利于我国全面参与国际竞争和国际合作，充分发挥我国的比较优势。同时，加入WTO还有利于我国与跨国公司进行广泛合作，引进跨国公司的资金、技术和管理经验，利用跨国公司的销售渠道和网络，扩大出口。加入WTO也有利于建立我国自己的跨国公司，走出国门，到其他国家设厂办企业，提高中国经济的国际竞争力。当然，加入WTO，我们既要享受应有的权利，又要承担相应的义务，这就免不了给我们带来一定的压力和挑战。首先，进一步开放市场会使国内一些产品、企业和产业面临更为激烈的竞争。过去在市场开放方面，我国根据经济发展的要求和经济体制改革的进程，自主地决定市场准入、削减关税和取消非关税措施。加入WTO后，我国必须遵守WTO关于市场开放的规定，这对我们开放市场的速度和步骤会形成一定压力。随着市场准入的扩大、关税的削减和非关税措施的取消，外国产品、服务和投资有可能更多地进入我国市场，国内企业将面临更加激烈的竞争，特别是那些成本高、技术水平低和管理落后的企业，将面临更加严峻的挑战。其次，我国的对外经贸管理将在一定程度上受到WTO规则的制约。我国现行有关涉外经济法律、法规和政策还不完全符合WTO规则的规定，虽然这也是我国深化对外经贸管理改革的重要任务，但目前我们在观念和体制上都存在许多不太适应的地方，政府机关和企业管理人员的工作方式也有相当大的差距。再次，多边争端解决的裁决也可能出现对我不利的结果。世贸组织的多边争端解决机制是一把双刃剑，利用得好，受其惠；利用得不好，则受其损。由于我国市场经济有待完善，还有一些政策规定和企业行为与WTO规则不一致，再加上对WTO规则了解不够，经验不足，即使投入相当多的人力和物力，我们还是有可能在WTO的争端解决机制中“打输官司”。辩证看待利弊得失怎样看待我国加入WTO的利弊得失？我们要用全面的、发展的、辩证的观点看待这个问题，要站在改革开放、经济发展和现代化建设事业的全局和战略高度来分析我国加入WTO的利弊得失。既要看单个产业，又要看整个产业；既要看当前，又要看长远。分析我国加入WTO的利弊得失，不能只以某一个或几个产业，而应着眼于整个经济发展。从单个产业看，加入WTO会给一些有比较优势的产业带来发展机遇，如农业中的水果、肉类和蔬菜等，工业中的一般机电产品、轻工产品、纺织品、消费类电子产品，服务业中的建筑、旅游等，都将获得更大的国际市场份额。但是，加入WTO也会给国内一些产业带来一定冲击与压力，如农业中的粮食，工业中的汽车，服务业中的银行、保险等，均将面临来自发达国家的竞争压力。从整体产业看，加入WTO给我国产业带来的机遇要大于造成的冲击，我国多数产业将获得更多的发展机遇。加入WTO，不仅对近期经济增长有积极意义，而且对长期经济发展具有深远影响。从近期看，加入WTO可以扩大我国具有比较优势的纺织品、机电产品的生产和出口，可以吸引更多的外资特别是跨国公司，从而有利于经济增长和扩大就业；加入WTO虽然暂时会对一些没有比较优势的产业形成一定的竞争压力，甚至造成一些冲击，但只要我们应对得当，这些产业也是可以在竞争中求发展的。从长远看，加入WTO对我国经济体制改革、调整产业结构、增强国际竞争力和提高国际地位都将产生积极的影响。我们还要辩证地看待加入WTO的利弊得失Accession to WTO is China deepening reform， expanding opening up and establishing a socialist market economic system， the inherent requirements of China's economic development To developing countries join the WTO， China's economic development both advantages and disadvantages， but generally speaking， more good than Conducive to further expand exports and attract foreign Join the WTO， China will enjoy the members of most favored nation This will not only enjoy in other countries and regions the benefits of open markets， so that the major trading countries to phase out discriminatory practices， and make our products more favorable competitive conditions， which can promote China's export trade， especially China comparative advantage industries export Join the WTO， China must fulfill WTO obligations and gradually opening up the domestic market， which will further improve the foreign investment environment， strengthen our market attractive to overseas investors， is conducive to more foreign capital， technology and management Help to speed up industrial restructuring and Industrial structure adjustment and optimization of the economic development of China is an important and urgent Join the WTO， the implementation of this strategic task will create a favorable international By other WTO members to open markets in China， we can move out of some excessive supply and the industrial shift; by opening up our markets to other members， can use foreign funds， technological transformation of our traditional industries， accelerate the development of high-tech industries and services to improve the overall standard of our Beneficial to continue to deepen economic reform in C WTO rules is essentially a market economy in the use and development China's economic reform objective is to establish a socialist market economic system， its basic requirement is to fully exploit the market competition WTO accession will promote China's reform At the same time， will promote the reform of state-owned enterprises， establishing a modern enterprise system; will also promote foreign trade， banking， insurance， securities， commerce and so deepen the structural reform， in order to meet the needs of gradually opening up these Conducive to China's participation in the formulation of new rules of international trade， safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of our country， and enhancing our international China， as permanent members of the United Nations， the World Bank and IMF， to join WTO， the multilateral trade rules， can fully express and reflect the views of China and the developing countries and demands further play our part in international economic affairs role， and enhance China's international Meanwhile， China can also use the multilateral dispute settlement mechanism to reduce friction with other countries facing conflict and to uphold China's legitimate Benefit China in the world economy Economic globalization is an inevitable historical trend， and economic globalization on developing countries， both opportunities and In order to adapt to the new situation of economic globalization， we need to seek stable， transparent and predictable multilateral trading system of protection， participation in the process of economic globalization while avoiding disadvantages to better protect and strengthen Join the WTO， China and the other members shall be in strict accordance with international rules and open their This will help China to participate fully in international competition and international cooperation， give full play to our comparative Meanwhile， China's accession to WTO will also help carry out extensive cooperation with multinational companies， introducing multinational capital， technology and management experience， using their sales channels and networks to expand WTO accession is also conducive to the establishment of our own multinational companies go abroad to set up factories in other countries to do business， and enhance China's international Of course， join WTO， we will both enjoy their rights， but also undertake corresponding obligations， which will inevitably bring some pressure and First， further opening up markets will cause a number of products， businesses and industries to face Past market openness， China's under the requirements of economic development and economic reform processes to independently determine market access， tariff reduction and removal of non tariff Join the WTO， China must comply with WTO provisions on market opening， which is the speed of opening up our market and will put some pressure With the expansion of market access， tariff reduction and non-tariff measures， foreign products， services and investment are likely to enter the Chinese market， domestic enterprises will face more intense competition， especially those high costs， technical level low and backward management， will face more severe Second， China's foreign trade management will be to some extent by the WTO China's existing foreign-related economic laws， regulations and policies do not fully comply with WTO rules， provisions although this is also our country deepen foreign economic management reform， an important task， but we change the concept and Tizhi always existed Xuduo not adapt to the Di Fang， Zheng Fu authorities and business management staff also means there is a big Third， the multilateral dispute settlement ruling may also have unfavorable WTO's multilateral dispute settlement mechanism is a double-edged sword， used properly， parties benefit; used properly， will suffer Since China's market economy is imperfect， there are policies and regulations and corporate behavior is inconsistent with WTO rules， coupled with inadequate understanding of the WTO rules， inexperienced， even if we put a lot of manpower and material resources， we may be in the WTO's dispute settlement mechanism "come off " How to Understand the advantages and disadvantages Dialectical China's accession to WTO， the advantages and disadvantages? We use comprehensive development and dialectical perspective on the issue of reform and opening to standing， economic development and modernization of overall and strategic perspective to analyze China's accession to WTO， the advantages and We must look at individual industries and the entire industry; we must look at present and also at long- Analysis of pros and cons of China's accession to WTO， not only at one or a few industries， but should focus on the economic From single industries， WTO accession will have a comparative advantage in the industry， some of bringing development opportunities， such as agriculture， fruit， meat and vegetables， machinery and electronic products industry in general and light industry products and textiles， consumer electronics， services in the construction and tourism， will gain more international market However， accession to WTO will also have some impact on some domestic industries and pressure， such as agriculture， food， automotive industry， services in the banking， insurance， ， will face competition from developed Whole industries， to join WTO to the opportunities our industry is greater than the impact of the majority of our industry will be more opportunities for Join the WTO， not only on the recent positive economic growth， but also far-reaching long-term economic In the short term， WTO accession can expand our comparative advantage of textiles， mechanical and electrical products production and export， you can attract more foreign capital， especially transnational corporations， which are conducive to economic growth and expansion of employment; joined the WTO although some of the time being will not comparative advantage to competitive pressure on certain industries， and even caused some impact， but if we respond properly， these industries are in competition and In the long run， to join WTO on China's economic reform， adjusting the industrial structure， enhancing international competitiveness and raise its international standing would have a positive We have a dialectical view of advantages and disadvantages of accession to WTO
