sample 1: 题目: English Vocabulary Learning Strategies (英语词汇学习策略) The mathematicians that study language and have lots of computing power are forming English language These databases can be used for machine language translation， formulas to rank collocation， most used priority word lists， word grouping tendencies and other linguistics These frequency-based wordlists contain the words that are most used in E Frequency-based wordlists can help you target specific English vocabulary by indicating which words you should try to learn Vocabulary analysis and summaries from the "Brown Corpus 1990" Table 1 Words - Percent of words in average text 86，741 - 99% 43，831 - 0% 15，851 - 8% 6，000 - 9% 5，000 - 6% 4，000 - 7% 3，000 - 0% 2，000 - 7% 1，000 - 0% 10 - 7% Table 1 shows us that in most written English just a few word types account for most of the English words in any Ten words account for 7 % of the words on any page and just 1000 word families account for more than 70% of the words The ESL in Canada English Immersion camps experimented with the 1000 word lists and used them for the core vocabulary for spelling， poetry writing and public speaking The constant reinforcement and repetition with variable context was quickly absorbed by the beginner students and greatly increased their confidence when speaking or Altavista's Babelfish or Google by Systran machine translation performs with an error rate of 20 to 30 The large error rate is due to how a word's meaning varies with One example: "The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" translated from English to Russian and back again only to yield "The vodka is good but the meat is " So far Babelfish has 19 language pairs available and it has taken decades to develop language-pair rules for each of the 9，900 language word Some observations for language students and language teachers is the translation pool for just average translations is 9900 The big variable is context， which means that a word can be used in various formats: "formal， industry specific jargon， slang， idioms， act a different part of speech performing a different function within that particular If every word has an average of five context variables then the student really has to learn 50，000 As final conclusions: second language learning takes time and effort and there should be plenty of translation jobs for the next 20 years if you are willing to invest the seven to nine years to be In the following example the word "weather" can be used in about eight different contexts and be used to mean， define or explain about thirty different situations or To properly study vocabulary students require background information and "Weather" As a Noun Definition the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as characterized by sunshine， moisture， temperature， precipitation， and other Similar Words: elements， climate Definition unpleasant， turbulent， or violent atmospheric Example: We needed shelter from the Similar Words: gale， elements， blow， windstorm ， storm As a Transitive Verb Inflected Forms: weathered， weathering， weathers Definition to dry， season， or modify by exposing to Similar Words: season ， dry Definition to discolor， deteriorate， or harm by exposing to Similar Words wash ， rot ， erode， deteriorate Definition to endure past the end of; Example Their marriage weathered the hard Synonyms: withstand ， survive， stand， outlast ， endure ， ride out Similar Words: overcome， surmount， outlive， sustain， brave As an Intransitive Verb Definition to resist deterioration when exposed to Example: The colour has been able to weather the intense sun Definition to display the effects of exposure (deterioration or change in color) Similar Words: rot， corrode， fade， deteriorate As part of Idiomatic Expressions Phrase used as an idiom: "under the weather" = sick or not well sample 2: 题目: Using the keyword method to learn vocabulary(重点记忆学习法) The keyword mnemonic is undoubtedly an effective means of learning the words of a foreign language How well you remember depends on how well you learned them， not on whether you have learned the words using a keyword mnemonic or rote repetition or some other method Even using a keyword mnemonic， you still need to rehearse the information to be learned The keyword mnemonic is not always the best method of learning particular words Skilled learners may be best to use the keyword mnemonic selectively， for particularly difficult words The keyword mnemonic requires individual instruction and practice， to use effectively Using a verbal (sentence) link is at least as effective as an image， and is easier for many people Whether using a sentence or an image， the critical factor is that the keyword interact with the definition or own-language sample 3: 题目: experience of learning vocabulary and grammar (英语词汇及语法的学习经验) I could say what I’ve been instructed is a focus on deductive In junior high school， my teacher listed out the key rules of each lesson and would did the fill-in the blank exercise in the Since I was not a quick thinker， what I could do was merely imitate the examples given by the This meant that I didn’t know “why” I was supposed to make a sentence in this When days went to high school， the mode of instruction didn’t change The teacher would point out the crucial rules as well， but he didn’t do much practice in In the scope of vocabulary teaching， he just read through the words and sample You must be curious about how I could last my interest in learning English under this way of instruction? I think what prompt me to keep on learning is owing to my highly motivated Because I like the language and its culture， I’ll do my best to learn it well through self- Though the inspiration from teachers is essential in some ways， the attitude of learners will be the momentum to maintain a lifelong I don’t like the ways I’ve been taught because I learn the rules by rote- Actually， I didn’t object the use of rote- But， it should be under the condition of meaningful practice so that I know “why” the rules are supposed to be used in this As for the ways how I will teach in the future， I’m still struggling to explore my No matter what， I will put much emphasis on learner-centered aspects and inductive
