A Brief Analysis of english teaching in senior high schoolAbstract: Classroom teaching is the main way for students to learn E But in senior high school， a lots of probelms still exsit in the English teaching especially in the teaching of reading and In this paper， the importance and methods of reading and writing will be further Key words: reading writing techniques Introduction: Classes should be learner-centered， with meaningful， functional activities， often， classes begin by finding out what the students don’t These classes operate on the assumption that there is a great deal of information that students lack and that the teacher and textbooks will impact that information to the Teachers who hold this assumption view students as plants waiting passively to be fed and But I think the students should be regarded as explorers， active learners who bring a great deal to the learning process and at the same time， draw from their environment as they develop new The basic principle will be used in the teaching of reading and How to teach reading I Why teach readingThere are many reasons why getting students to read English texts is an important part of the teacher’s In the first place， many of them want to be able to read texts in English either for their careers， for study purposes or simply for Anything we can do to make reading easier for them must be a good Reading texts provide good models for English writing， provide opportunities to study language vocabulary， grammar， punctuation， and the way to construct sentences， paragraphs and Lastly， good reading texts can introduce interesting topics， stimulate discussion， excite imaginative responses and be the springboard for well-rounded， fascinating The last but not the least， students must read widely because only a fraction of knowledge about the world can come from other experiences in their short II What kind of reading should students do? When the teachers give reading class to students， they should notice a balance----a balance to be struck between real English on the one hand and the students’ capabilities and interests on the There is some authentic written material which beginner students can understand to some degree: menus， timetables， signs and basic instructions， for example， and， where appropriate， teachers can use But for longer prose， teachers can offer their students texts， which， while being like English， are nevertheless written or adapted especially for their Anyway， the materials to be read should be interesting and Teachers should become better acquainted with books written specially for teenagers and dealing with their III What are the principles behind the teaching of reading? i) Permit Students To Read No one has learned to swim by practicing the skills of backstrokes， flutter kicks or treading water while staying on the edge of the swimming Yet， in the teaching of reading teachers often do just Rather than let the students into “the water”， teachers keep them in skills books learning rules about letters， syllables or definitions of words rather than letting them into the book itself， permitting them to be immersed in the language which comes from the authors as the readers try to reconstruct the written ii) Encourage students to respond to the content of a reading text， not just to the languageOf course， it is important to study reading texts for the way they use language， how many paragraphs they contain and how many times they use relative But the meaning， the message of the text， is much more Teachers should help students understand that the main reason to read is for They have to have their own purpose to read and reading must make sense， they have to find ways of doing something about They should be encouraged either to reread or to continue reading to gain But they must realize that the meaning is not in the teacher， but in the interaction between the reader and Students should be encouraged to ask themselves repeatedly， “Does this make sense to me?” Students should be encouraged to reject and to be intolerant of reading materials that do not make iii) Encourage students to guess or predict Readers’ guesses or predictions are based on the cumulative information and syntactic structure they have been learning as they have been Therefore， their guesses are more often than not appropriate to the Students have to realize that risk taking in reading is appropriate; that using context to decide what words mean is a proficient reading strategy and that they have the language sense to make appropriate guesses which can fit both the grammatical and semantic sense of what they are iv) Match the task to the topic Once a decision has been taken about what kind of reading text the students are going to read， teachers need to choose good reading tasks—the right kind of questions and useful puzzles， Asking boring and inappropriate questions can undermine the most interesting text; the most commonplace passage can be made really exciting with imaginative and challenging Working in groups， the English teacher and students take turns asking each other questions following the The teacher may ask， “ What is the significance of the character’s age?” These questions require inferences based on details from the reading
1 引用文献的基本格式引文基本格式的两种情况：第一种情况是把文献作者作为句子的一部分 (通常作主语)， 我们把它叫做 “格式1”; 第二种情况是把作者的姓放在括弧里， 我们把它叫做 “格式2”。在同一篇论文中， 最好统一使用一种格式。1 格式1格式1的基本做法是把作者的姓 (Family name)作为句子的一部分 (通常作主语)， 随后用括弧标出所引用文献的出版年代。比如：Long (1991) argues that without this， outcomes such as those from immersion education are likely to occur， with a lack of sustained 2 格式2格式2的基本做法是， 把作者的姓、出版年代以及页码均放在括弧里， 出版年代紧随作者的姓， 之后是页码。比如：This approach tends to assume an automatisation or practice view of learning (Bruton 2002)在同一篇论文中格式要统一。要么都采用冒号加页码的格式， 要么都使用逗号加/的格式，不能交替使用。在直接引用文献时， 如所引用的内容较长(一般超过50单词)， 则应该另起一段， 左缩进两个字符。2 转引的格式所谓转引， 是指论文作者并没有看到某个文献的原始出版物， 而是在另外一个文献中看到的。3 如何引用中文文献在用英文撰写论文的过程中，如果要引用中文文献，要将引用的中文部分、作者以及出版物的信息翻译成英文，然后按英文论文的引文格式引用。在英文论文中引用中文文献时不能写作者的全名(如Hu Zhuanglin， 1994)，也不能直接用中文(如胡壮麟， 1994或胡， 1994)。在参考书目中，首先提供英文信息，并在文献名称后面加上(In Chinese)， 表示该文献是用中文写的。4 关于引文的其他注意事项1 关于重复引用。在同一段落中， 连续两次或两次以上引用同一文献时(中间没有引用其他的文献)， 从第二次开始， 不重复文献作者的姓和出版年代， 而是用代替。2 有时论文中不是直接或间接引用文献， 而只是为了描述或介绍研究现状而提及某些文献， 往往同时提及多种文献。3 在同一处提及一个作者不同年代的文献时， 可在括弧中列出若干个年代， 用逗号隔开， 按时间顺序排列。
